NORTH-SOUTH TRADE AND THE ENVIRONMENT
NORTH-SOUTH TRADE AND THE ENVIRONMENT
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DOI：
10.2307/2118421
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发表时间：
1994-08-01
影响因子：
13.7
通讯作者：
TAYLOR, MS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
COPELAND, BR;TAYLOR, MS
开发了一个简单的南北贸易静态模型，以检验国民收入、污染和国际贸易之间的联系。两个国家生产连续的产品，每个国家的污染强度不同。研究表明，收入越高的国家选择的环境保护力度越大，并且专门生产相对清洁的产品。通过分离国际贸易对污染的规模、构成和技术影响，我们发现自由贸易增加了世界污染；富裕的北方国家生产能力的增加增加了污染，而贫穷的南方国家的类似增长则降低了污染；从北方到南方的单方面转移减少了全球污染。
A simple static model of North-South trade is developed to examine linkages between national income, pollution, and international trade. Two countries produce a continuum of goods, each differing in pollution intensity. We show that the higher income country chooses stronger environmental protection, and specializes in relatively clean goods. By isolating the scale, composition, and technique effects of international trade on pollution, we show that free trade increases world pollution; an increase in the rich North's production possibilities increases pollution, while similar growth in the poor South lowers pollution; and unilateral transfers from North to South reduce worldwide pollution.