Severe haze in northern China: A synergy of anthropogenic emissions and atmospheric processes
Severe haze in northern China: A synergy of anthropogenic emissions and atmospheric processes
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1900125116
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发表时间：
2019-04-30
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Ji, Yuemeng
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
An, Zhisheng;Huang, Ru-Jin;Ji, Yuemeng
区域性重度灰霾是中国的一个巨大环境问题，影响空气质量、人类健康、生态系统、天气和气候。这些极端情况的特征是极高浓度的细颗粒物（小于2.5 μ m，或PM2.5），并发生广泛的时间（每天，每周，每月的时间尺度）和空间（超过一百万平方公里）覆盖。虽然近年来在细颗粒物的现场测量、模型模拟和实验室实验方面取得了重大进展，但严重雾霾形成的原因尚未得到系统/全面的评价。本文从排放源、化学物质的形成与转化、气象气候条件等方面综述了近年来在中国北方严重灰霾形成机制方面的研究进展。特别是，我们强调的协同效应，从人为排放和大气过程之间的相互作用。目前的挑战和未来的研究方向，以提高对严重雾霾污染的理解，以及合理的监管影响的科学基础上进行了讨论。
Regional severe haze represents an enormous environmental problem in China, influencing air quality, human health, ecosystem, weather, and climate. These extremes are characterized by exceedingly high concentrations of fine particulate matter (smaller than 2.5 mu m, or PM2.5) and occur with extensive temporal (on a daily, weekly, to monthly timescale) and spatial (over a million square kilometers) coverage. Although significant advances have been made in field measurements, model simulations, and laboratory experiments for fine PM over recent years, the causes for severe haze formation have not yet to be systematically/comprehensively evaluated. This review provides a synthetic synopsis of recent advances in understanding the fundamental mechanisms of severe haze formation in northern China, focusing on emission sources, chemical formation and transformation, and meteorological and climatic conditions. In particular, we highlight the synergetic effects from the interactions between anthropogenic emissions and atmospheric processes. Current challenges and future research directions to improve the understanding of severe haze pollution as well as plausible regulatory implications on a scientific basis are also discussed.