A Preliminary Exploration of Former Smokers Enrolled in an Internet Smoking Cessation Program.
A Preliminary Exploration of Former Smokers Enrolled in an Internet Smoking Cessation Program.
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DOI：
10.2196/resprot.5542
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发表时间：
2016-06-14
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Graham AL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cha S;Cohn AM;Elmasry H;Graham AL
互联网干预可能会在帮助自我戒除者维持一段时间的禁欲方面发挥重要作用。人们对使用互联网戒烟计划的前吸烟者的特征和使用模式知之甚少。这项初步研究的主要目的是确定随后对互联网干预在预防复发方面的有效性进行随机试验的可行性。具体地说，这项研究试图确定在戒烟网站上注册的前吸烟者的数量，前吸烟者的特征和他们的网站使用模式，以及持续戒烟的潜在预测因素。参与者是在免费戒烟网站上注册的自我确认的前吸烟者。招聘工作在现场登记后立即进行。参与者完成了基于网络的基线评估和1个月的跟踪评估。在1个月时提取网站利用率指标。描述性统计被用来描述整个样本。使用卡方检验和t检验检验了最近戒烟者(≤在注册时戒烟7天)和更确定的戒烟者(在注册时戒烟8天以上)之间的基线差异。单变量Logistic回归分析了人口统计、吸烟、心理社会特征和网站使用指标作为1个月禁欲的预测因素。在为期10个月的研究期间，1141名前吸烟者被招募参加：494人接受了邀请，395人符合条件，377人提供了知情同意，221人完成了基线并完全登记(56%符合条件的人)。在1个月时，55.7%(123/221)的参与者完成了随访调查。平均年龄为44.25岁(SD 12.78)，样本主要为女性(174/221，78.7%)、白人(196/221，88.7%)和至少受过大学教育(177/221，80.1%)。略多于一半的参与者(123/221，55.7%)报告在网站注册前一周以上退出，43.9%(97/221)的参与者在注册后7天内退出。最有可能使用的网站功能是互动戒烟工具(166/221，75.1%)和社区(134/221，60.6%)。单变量回归模型显示，最近戒烟的人，那些保持戒烟动机更高的人，以及那些在过去一年里使用戒烟药物的人更有可能使用社区。年龄较大、注册时禁欲持续时间较长、健康状况较好以及医疗保健提供者建议戒烟与1个月的禁欲相关。网站利用率指标并没有预测禁欲，尽管赔率比表明更高的使用率与更大的禁欲几率相关。这项探索性研究证明了招募前吸烟者参加研究的可行性，并记录了这组自我戒烟者接受互联网戒烟干预的情况。结果还显示，与注册时戒烟时间较长的吸烟者相比，在戒烟尝试早期，吸烟者的网站利用率更高，社区使用的可能性也更大。未来研究的重要领域包括识别可能更容易复发的前吸烟者，以及确定互联网干预的哪些组成部分最有助于在戒烟尝试的早期和后期防止复发。
Internet interventions may have an important role to play in helping self-quitters maintain an initial period of abstinence. Little is known about the characteristics and utilization patterns of former smokers who use Internet cessation programs. The overarching aim of this preliminary study was to establish the feasibility of a subsequent randomized trial of the effectiveness of Internet interventions in preventing relapse. Specifically, this study sought to determine the number of former smokers that register on a smoking cessation website, the characteristics of former smokers and their website utilization patterns, and potential predictors of sustained abstinence. Participants were self-identified former smokers who registered on a free smoking cessation website. Recruitment occurred immediately following site registration. Participants completed Web-based baseline and 1-month follow-up assessments. Website utilization metrics were extracted at 1 month. Descriptive statistics were used to characterize the full sample. Baseline differences were examined between recent quitters (≤7 days of abstinence at enrollment) and more established quitters (8+ days of abstinence at enrollment) using chi-square tests and t tests. Univariate logistic regression examined demographic, smoking, psychosocial characteristics, and website utilization metrics as predictors of 1-month abstinence. During the 10-month study period, 1141 former smokers were recruited to participate: 494 accepted the invitation, 395 were eligible, 377 provided informed consent, and 221 completed the baseline and fully enrolled (56% of those eligible). At 1 month, 55.7% (123/221) of participants completed the follow-up survey. Mean age was 44.25 years (SD 12.78) and the sample was primarily female (174/221, 78.7%), white (196/221, 88.7%), and had at least some college education (177/221, 80.1%). Slightly more than half of participants (123/221, 55.7%) reported quitting more than a week prior to website registration and 43.9% (97/221) had quit within 7 days of registration. The website features most likely to be used were an interactive Quit Date tool (166/221, 75.1%) and the Community (134/221, 60.6%). Univariate regression models showed that recent quitters, those with higher motivation to remain abstinent, and those who used cessation medication in the past year were more likely to use the Community. Older age, longer duration of abstinence at registration, better health status, and health care provider advice to quit were associated with 1-month abstinence. Website utilization metrics did not predict abstinence, though odds ratios suggested higher utilization was associated with greater odds of abstinence. This exploratory study demonstrated the feasibility of recruiting former smokers to a research study and documented the uptake of an Internet cessation intervention among this group of self-quitters. Results also showed higher levels of website utilization and greater likelihood of community use among smokers early in their quit attempt compared to those with a longer period of abstinence at enrollment. Important areas for future research include identifying former smokers who may be more susceptible to relapse and determining which components of an Internet intervention are most helpful to prevent relapse in the early and later stages of a quit attempt.