Personal networks and nonagricultural employment: The case of a farming village in the Philippines
Personal networks and nonagricultural employment: The case of a farming village in the Philippines
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DOI：
10.1086/516766
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发表时间：
2007-07-01
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Kajisa, Kei
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kajisa, Kei
本文以菲律宾一个密集的村庄调查为基础，分析了个人网络对农村村民获得非农职业和就业条件的影响。一个关键的发现是，个人网络被有选择地用于降低交易成本，其对就业条件的影响因企业的规模和地点而异。我们发现，当村民受雇于小企业的非技术工作，那些谁使用家庭/亲戚网络获得工资溢价。然而，如果我们将样本限制在研究村庄附近的小企业，家庭/亲属网络溢价就变得微不足道，这可能是因为在狭窄的当地社区内，社区范围的网络具有压倒一切的影响力。与小企业的情况相反，大企业的非技术工人的工资受个人关系网的影响不大，而主要取决于受教育年限和工作经验。近年来菲律宾大型企业的发展表明，个人网络对非熟练劳动力市场的重要性正在下降，这反映了通过教育和培训获得的能力变得比与经济和社会现代化相对应的家庭/亲戚网络等新生特征更加重要的趋势。
This article, based on an intensive village survey in the Philippines, analyzes the effects of personal networks on rural villagers’ access to nonagricultural occupations and the terms of employment given to them. A key finding is that personal networks are selectively used to reduce transaction costs and their impacts on employment conditions vary by size and by location of enterprises. We find that when villagers are employed in unskilled work at small enterprises, those who use family/relative networks receive wage premiums. However, if we limit our sample to small enterprises located near our study village, the family/relative network premiums become insignificant, presumably because of the overriding influence of the community‐wide network within a narrow local community. Contrary to the case of small enterprises, unskilled workers’ wages at large enterprises are not much affected by personal networks but are largely determined by years of schooling and work experience. The recent development of large‐scale enterprises in the Philippines shows the diminishing importance of personal networks for unskilled labor markets, reflecting the tendency that acquired ability through education and training is becoming more important than nascent characteristics such as family/relative networks, corresponding to economic and social modernization.