The coastal landslides of Shetland
The coastal landslides of Shetland
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设得兰群岛沿海山体滑坡
DOI：
10.1080/14702541.2018.1457169
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发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
1
通讯作者：
Ballantyne C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ballantyne C
人们对苏格兰沿海硬岩滑坡知之甚少。我们确定了设得兰海岸沿线50米宽的128个单独的海岸滑坡或滑坡复合体。大多数显然是平移滑动，特征是陡峭的山头、移位的块体和/或碎片跑动，但也发现了13个深层次的断层，从悬崖顶端向内陆延伸了200米的张拉裂缝。31个地点展示了至少是局部近期活动的证据。滑坡的分布主要取决于30m高的海岸悬崖的分布，它们优先发育在变质沉积岩上。对费特拉(东北设得兰)的16个滑坡的分析表明，大多数是平移倾角滑动破坏；3个是深层次破坏，还有几个由于风暴波对底部的侵蚀而表现出活跃的锋面侵蚀。由于这些滑坡在浅水中终止，当海平面上升导致坡脚侵蚀和失稳向上扩展，导致上坡滑坡体向下移动时，可能开始破坏。10两个陡坡的暴露年龄分别为4.8Ka± 0.2ka和4.4Ka± ± 0.2ka，与随着海平面上升而开始的人行坡侵蚀相一致。我们的结果表明，到目前为止，山体滑坡在苏格兰陡峭的海岸线的撤退中发挥了迄今为止没有记录但却很重要的作用。
Little is known of hard-rock coastal landsliding in Scotland. We identify 128 individual coastal landslides or landslide complexes >50 m wide along the coasts of Shetland. Most are apparently translational slides characterized by headscarps, displaced blocks and/or debris runout, but 13 deep-seated failures with tension cracks up to 200 m inland from cliff crests were also identified. Thirty-one sites exhibit evidence of at least localized recent activity. Landslide distribution is primarily determined by the distribution of coastal cliffs >30 m high, and they are preferentially developed on metasedimentary rocks. Analysis of 16 landslides on Fetlar (NE Shetland) indicates that most are translational dip-slip failures; 3 represent deep-seated failures and several exhibit active frontal erosion attributable to basal sapping by storm waves. As these landslides terminate in shallow water, failure was probably initiated when rising sea level resulted in footslope erosion and upslope propagation of instability, causing downslope displacement of landslide blocks on upper slopes.10Be exposure dating of two headscarps yielded ages of 4.8 ± 0.2 ka and 4.4 ± 0.2 ka, consistent with the onset of footslope erosion as sea level rose. Our results suggest that landslides have played a hitherto undocumented but important role in retreat of cliffed coastlines in Scotland.
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影响因子：
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DOI：
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发表时间：
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期刊：
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影响因子：
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