Yellowstone Hotspot
Yellowstone Hotspot
复制标题
黄石热点
DOI：
10.3368/lj.27.2.291
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发表时间：
2008
影响因子：
0.5
通讯作者：
P. Gobster
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
P. Gobster
一些学者和实践者提倡“生态美学”，以解决与保护具有生态意义的景观有关的问题。其他人则认为这些努力是对传统风景美观念的攻击。也许这两种关于自然美的观点比人们所承认的更为互补。通过考察风景景观的美学体验，我们不仅可以更好地理解它们对人们的价值，而且还可以发现欣赏具有生态意义的景观的线索，这些景观是“风景挑战”（Saito 1998，101）。本文运用现象学的方法，通过三种流行的景观体验方式：驾车、坐着和步行，来考察黄石国家公园的景观美。每种体验模式都提供不同的见解。他们一起挑战风景和生态美之间的区别，这涉及到更多的自然景观之美已被概念化，并在景观偏好的定量研究测量，而不是在它是如何通过人与景观之间的实时互动体验。然而，仍然存在的问题是，许多具有生态意义的景观并没有表现出容易感知的风景品质，吸引人们去审美地体验它们。在这里，热点的地热过程被用作一个隐喻，以暗示如何使景观的不可见的美学品质变得可感知。热点隐喻还提出了Gobster等人（2007）提出的人与环境相互作用模型的实施方式，以向公众群体传达景观挑战景观的美丽。
Some scholars and practitioners have advocated an “ecological aesthetic” to address issues related to the protection of ecologically significant landscapes. Others see these efforts as an attack on traditional ideas of scenic beauty. Perhaps these two ideas of natural beauty are more complementary than is acknowledged. By examining how scenic landscapes are aesthetically experienced, not only might we better understand their value to people but also discover clues for appreciating ecologically significant landscapes that are “scenically challenged” (Saito 1998, 101). In this essay, a phenomenological approach is applied to examine the scenic beauty of Yellow-stone National Park through three popular modes of landscape experience: driving, sitting, and walking. Each experiential mode offers different insights. Together they challenge distinctions between scenic and ecological beauty, which pertain more to how natural landscape beauty has been conceptualized and measured in quantitative studies of landscape preference than in how it is experienced through real-time interactions between people and landscape. Yet there still remains the problem that many ecologically significant landscapes do not exhibit readily perceptible scenic qualities that draw people to experience them aesthetically. Here the geothermal process of a hotspot is used as a metaphor to suggest how unseen aesthetic qualities of landscape can be made perceptible. The hotspot metaphor also suggests ways in which the model of human-environment interactions proposed by Gobster et al. (2007) might be implemented to communicate to public groups about the beauty of scenically challenged landscapes.