Light Influences How the Fungal Toxin Deoxynivalenol Affects Plant Cell Death and Defense Responses
Light Influences How the Fungal Toxin Deoxynivalenol Affects Plant Cell Death and Defense Responses
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DOI：
10.3390/toxins6020679
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发表时间：
2014-02-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Doohan, Fiona M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ansari, Khairul I.;Doyle, Siamsa M.;Doohan, Fiona M.
镰刀菌毒素脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇（DON）可引起小麦（Triticum aestivum）中的细胞死亡，但也可降低拟南芥（Arabidopsis thaliana）细胞培养物中由热休克引起的细胞死亡水平。我们表明，10 μ g mL（-1）DON不会导致拟南芥细胞培养中的细胞死亡，其延迟热诱导细胞死亡的能力是光依赖性的。在黑暗条件下，它实际上促进了热诱导的细胞死亡。小麦品种在抵抗这种毒素的能力上有所不同，我们调查了小麦的防御反应能力是否依赖于光。我们没有发现任何证据表明，光影响防御基因的转录在两个小麦品种，即品种CM 82036，是耐DON诱导漂白的小穗组织和品种Remus，是不是DON处理的幼苗根。然而，DON处理的根导致基因型依赖和光增强的防御转录积累的胚芽鞘。小麦转录本编码苯丙氨酸解氨酶（PAL）基因（以前与镰刀菌抗性），非表达的病程相关基因-1（NPR 1）和第III类植物过氧化物酶（POX）被DN-上调小麦品种CM 82036的胚芽鞘，但不是品种Remus，和DN-上调这些转录本在品种CM 82036是轻增强。还观察到胚芽鞘的DON/DON衍生物含量的光和基因型依赖性差异。这些结果，加上以前的研究结果，关于DON对植物的影响，表明光直接或间接影响植物防御反应的DON。
The Fusarium mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON) can cause cell death in wheat (Triticum aestivum), but can also reduce the level of cell death caused by heat shock in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) cell cultures. We show that 10 mu g mL(-1) DON does not cause cell death in Arabidopsis cell cultures, and its ability to retard heat-induced cell death is light dependent. Under dark conditions, it actually promoted heat-induced cell death. Wheat cultivars differ in their ability to resist this toxin, and we investigated if the ability of wheat to mount defense responses was light dependent. We found no evidence that light affected the transcription of defense genes in DON-treated roots of seedlings of two wheat cultivars, namely cultivar CM82036 that is resistant to DON-induced bleaching of spikelet tissue and cultivar Remus that is not. However, DON treatment of roots led to genotype-dependent and light-enhanced defense transcript accumulation in coleoptiles. Wheat transcripts encoding a phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) gene (previously associated with Fusarium resistance), non-expressor of pathogenesis-related genes-1 (NPR1) and a class III plant peroxidase (POX) were DON-upregulated in coleoptiles of wheat cultivar CM82036 but not of cultivar Remus, and DON-upregulation of these transcripts in cultivar CM82036 was light enhanced. Light and genotype-dependent differences in the DON/DON derivative content of coleoptiles were also observed. These results, coupled with previous findings regarding the effect of DON on plants, show that light either directly or indirectly influences the plant defense responses to DON.