An exploration of how psychotic-like symptoms are experienced, endorsed, and understood from the National Latino and Asian American Study and National Survey of American Life.
An exploration of how psychotic-like symptoms are experienced, endorsed, and understood from the National Latino and Asian American Study and National Survey of American Life.
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DOI：
10.1080/13557858.2014.921888
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Alegría M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Earl TR;Fortuna LR;Gao S;Williams DR;Neighbors H;Takeuchi D;Alegría M
在美国生活的非裔美国人、亚洲人、加勒比黑人和拉丁美洲人的全国代表性样本中，研究在认可和归因精神病样症状方面的种族/民族差异。数据来自共979名受访者，他们认可精神病样症状，作为全国拉丁裔和亚裔美国人研究（NLAAS）和美国生活全国调查（NSAL）的一部分。我们使用混合定性和定量分析方法来检查NLAAS和NSAL中幻觉和其他精神病样症状的患病率和归因的社会人口统计学和种族差异。使用世界卫生组织综合国际诊断访谈（WMH-CIDI）精神病症状筛查来评估精神病样症状的终生存在。我们使用逻辑回归模型来检验按种族/民族认可四种最常见的精神类经验主题类别的概率（2010年至2010年）。我们使用定性方法从参与者对开放性问题的回答中探索共同主题，这些问题是关于他们对精神类症状的归因。非裔美国人比加勒比黑人（73.7%和89.3%,p< 0.001）更不可能认可视觉幻觉，但他们比加勒比黑人（43.1%和25.7%,p< 0.05）更认可幻听症状。认同参照妄想和思想插入/退出妄想在拉美裔美国人中比非裔美国人更普遍（分别为11%和4.7%,p< 0.05； 6.3%和2.7%,p< 0.05）。归因主题包括：超自然、鬼魂/不明生物、死亡和垂死、灵性或宗教信仰、预感、家庭和其他。受访者对精神病样症状的归因因种族/民族而异。研究结果表明，在精神病筛查工具上，不同种族/民族对精神病样症状的认可和对这些症状的自我报告归因/理解存在差异。种族/民族差异可能是由文化认可的信仰和痛苦习语造成的，在进行文化知情和反应性的筛查、评估和治疗时，应给予更多关注。
To examine racial/ethnic differences in the endorsement and attribution of psychotic-like symptoms in a nationally representative sample of African Americans, Asians, Caribbean Blacks, and Latinos living in the United States. Data were drawn from a total of 979 respondents who endorsed psychotic-like symptoms as part of the National Latino and Asian American Study (NLAAS) and the National Survey of American Life (NSAL). We use a mixed qualitative and quantitative analytical approach to examine sociodemographic and ethnic variations in the prevalence and attributions of hallucinations and other psychotic-like symptoms in the NLAAS and NSAL. The lifetime presence of psychotic-like symptoms was assessed using the World Health Organization Composite International Diagnostic Interview (WMH-CIDI) psychotic symptom screener. We used logistic regression models to examine the probability of endorsing the four most frequently occurring thematic categories for psychotic-like experiences by race/ethnicity (n>100). We used qualitative methods to explore common themes from participant responses to open ended questions on their attributions for psychotic-like symptoms. African Americans were significantly less likely to endorse visual hallucinations compared to Caribbean Blacks (73.7% and 89.3%, p<.001), but they endorsed auditory hallucinations symptoms more than Caribbean Blacks (43.1% and 25.7, p<.05). Endorsing delusions of reference and thought insertion/withdrawal were more prevalent for Latinos than for African Americans (11% and 4.7%, p<.05; 6.3% and 2.7%, p<.05, respectively). Attribution themes included: supernatural, ghosts/unidentified beings, death and dying, spirituality or religiosity, premonitions, familial and other. Respondents differed by race/ethnicity in the attributions given to psychotic like symptoms. Findings suggest that variations exist by race/ethnicity in both psychotic-like symptom endorsement and in self-reported attributions/understandings for these symptoms on a psychosis screening instrument. Racial/ethnic differences could result from culturally sanctioned beliefs and idioms of distress that deserve more attention in conducting culturally informed and responsive screening, assessment and treatment.