Experience matters: prior exposure to plant toxins enhances diversity of gut microbes in herbivores
Experience matters: prior exposure to plant toxins enhances diversity of gut microbes in herbivores
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1461-0248.2012.01822.x
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发表时间：
2012-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
8.8
通讯作者：
Dearing, M. D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kohl, Kevin D.;Dearing, M. D.
几十年来，生态学家一直假设暴露于植物次生化合物（PSCs）会改变草食相关微生物群落的组成。这一观点尚未在野生哺乳食草动物的进化时间尺度上进行批判性评估。研究了两种木本植物（Neotoma bryanti和N. lepida）微生物群落的响应。对于每个物种，我们比较了独立聚集以同一有毒植物（杂酚油灌木，Larrea tridentata）为食的经验丰富的种群和没有接触杂酚油毒素的幼稚种群。饲粮中添加PSCs显著改变了肠道微生物群落结构，这一反应取决于以往的经验。对PSCs的响应增加了经验木鼠的微生物多样性和几个优势门的相对丰度；然而，在幼稚木鼠中观察到相反的效果。这些差异反应在两个物种有经验的种群中是趋同的。我们假设，在经验丰富的木鼠中，前肠微生物群对杂酚油psc的适应驱动了这种差异反应。
For decades, ecologists have hypothesised that exposure to plant secondary compounds (PSCs) modifies herbivore-associated microbial community composition. This notion has not been critically evaluated in wild mammalian herbivores on evolutionary timescales. We investigated responses of the microbial communities of two woodrat species (Neotoma bryanti and N. lepida). For each species, we compared experienced populations that independently converged to feed on the same toxic plant (creosote bush, Larrea tridentata) to naive populations with no exposure to creosote toxins. The addition of dietary PSCs significantly altered gut microbial community structure, and the response was dependent on previous experience. Microbial diversity and relative abundances of several dominant phyla increased in experienced woodrats in response to PSCs; however, opposite effects were observed in naive woodrats. These differential responses were convergent in experienced populations of both species. We hypothesise that adaptation of the foregut microbiota to creosote PSCs in experienced woodrats drives this differential response.