Theory of mind performance in younger and older adults with elevated autistic traits.
Theory of mind performance in younger and older adults with elevated autistic traits.
复制标题
具有高度自闭症特征的年轻人和老年人的心理理论表现。
DOI：
10.1002/aur.2206
复制
发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Stewart GR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Stewart GR
关于老年自闭症谱系障碍对心理理论(TOM)的影响，人们知之甚少。虽然在老年自闭症人群中，TOM困难似乎随着年龄的增长而减少，但这一点尚未在广泛的自闭症表型(BAP)中进行探索。本研究采用BAP问卷对49名18-46岁的年轻人(n=49)和60-91岁的老年人(n=47，60-91岁)进行了心理理论测试，并将其分为BAP组(18岁；21岁)和非BAP组(31人；26岁)。使用生态有效的奇异故事电影任务(SSFT)和动态Happé-Frith三角动画任务(TA)对Tom进行评估。2 × 2方差分析检验了自闭症特征(基础值与非基础值)和年龄(年轻与老年)的影响。自闭症特质对任务绩效有显著影响(非自闭型 >； 自闭型)。年龄对TA(年轻人比老年人更好)的部分指标(但不是所有指标)有主效应，SSFT没有差异。在TA意向性上观察到自闭症特征和年龄的交互作用，年轻的非BAP和年轻的BAP表现相似，但年长的非BAP表现优于老年BAP。结果显示，自闭症特征升高的年轻人和老年人表现出更差的心理理论表现。尽管TOM困难在普通人群的晚年生活中很常见，但在使用旨在反映现实世界情景的TOM任务时，没有观察到这种影响。然而，研究结果表明，自闭症特征和年龄可能相互作用，增加支持自闭症特长的老年人表现不佳的风险。自闭症研究2020，13：751-762。2019国际自闭症研究学会，Wiley期刊，Inc.摘要自闭症谱系障碍中常见的行为和特征与对社交情况的理解不同有关。在老年人中也发现了类似的困难。我们从普通人群中评估了年轻人和老年人的社会理解能力。无论是年轻人还是老年人，报告的自闭症样特征都更多，在社会理解方面都遇到了更多困难。然而，年轻人和老年人之间几乎没有发现差异。
Little is known about the impact of aging with Autism Spectrum Disorder on theory of mind (ToM). While ToM difficulties appear to abate with age in older autistic populations, this has yet to be explored in the Broad Autism Phenotype (BAP). The current study examined ToM performance among younger (n= 49, aged 18–46) and older adults (n= 47, aged 60–91) who were classified as on the BAP (youngern= 18; oldern= 21) or not (youngern= 31; oldern= 26) using the BAP Questionnaire. ToM was assessed using the ecologically valid Strange Stories Film Task (SSFT) and the dynamic Happé–Frith Triangle Animations task (TA). A 2 × 2 analysis of variance examined the effects of autistic traits (BAP vs. non‐BAP) and age (young vs. old). For both SSFT and TA, results showed autistic trait main effects on task performance (non‐BAP > BAP). Age main effects were observed for some but not all metrics on TA (younger better than older), with no differences in SSFT. An interaction of autistic traits and age was observed in TA Intentionality, with younger non‐BAP and younger BAP performing similarly but older non‐BAP performing better than older BAP. Results show that younger and older adults with elevated autistic traits show poorer ToM performance. Despite ToM difficulties being common in later life in the general population, this effect was not observed when using a ToM task designed to reflect real‐world scenarios. However, results suggest that autistic traits and age could interact to increase risk for poor ToM performance in older adults who endorse elevated autistic traits.Autism Res2020, 13: 751–762. © 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Lay SummaryThe behaviors and characteristics commonly found in autism spectrum disorders have been linked to differences in understanding social situations. Similar difficulties have also been found in older age. We assessed social understanding in younger and older adults from the general population. Both younger and older adults who report more autism‐like characteristics experience more difficulties with social understanding. However, few differences were found between younger and older adults.