Urinary arsenic concentration, airway inflammation, and lung function in the US adult population
Urinary arsenic concentration, airway inflammation, and lung function in the US adult population
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DOI：
10.1016/j.envres.2019.05.031
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发表时间：
2019-08-01
影响因子：
8.3
通讯作者：
Turyk, Mary E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Shih, Yu-Hsuan;Argos, Maria;Turyk, Mary E.
背景资料：无机砷（iAs）在环境中普遍存在，并与成人和儿童的肺癌和许多非恶性肺部疾病有关。然而，大多数研究都是在饮用水中砷暴露水平较高的人群中进行的，相对较少的流行病学研究评估了低水平iAs暴露对非恶性肺部疾病的影响，这些人群主要不是通过饮用水暴露于砷。我们评估了美国20岁至25岁成年人中砷暴露与气道炎症和肺功能的关系。79年使用的数据从全国健康和营养检查调查2007-2012 cycles.Methods：砷暴露的两个措施，尿总砷和二甲基胂酸（DMA），被使用。我们校准了这两个暴露措施回归砷甜菜碱的浓度和提取的残差计算估计总砷和估计DMA。砷暴露建模为对数转换的连续变量以及四分位数类别。参与者可获得呼出气一氧化氮分数（FENO），这是呼吸道炎症的指标。肺功能测定采用第一秒最佳用力呼气量（FEV 1）、用力肺活量（FVC）、用力呼气流速（FEF）25- 75%、其百分比估计值、FEV 1/FVC、FEF 25-75%/FVC（即FEV 1/FVC和FEF/FVC）。采用加权多变量线性回归模型，调整潜在的混杂因素，以评估砷暴露与气道炎症和肺功能的整体，男性和女性之间的关联。结果：砷暴露和气道炎症增加之间的显着关联。尿总砷和DMA增加2倍与23.87%相关。FENO水平分别升高14.05%（95% CI：2.66，49.46）和14.05%（95% CI：1.77，27.81）。此外，尿总砷最高四分位数的参与者FENO水平比最低四分位数的参与者高8.49%（95%CI：1.13，16.39）。这些关联在男性和女性之间是相似的。有限的证据被发现的协会与肺功能和潜在的修改效果sexy.Conclusions：砷暴露与气道炎症的风险增加，但有有限的证据表明，协会与肺功能。需要在暴露水平相对较低的人群中进行进一步的研究，这些人群主要不是通过饮用水暴露于砷，以证实我们的发现。
Background: Inorganic arsenic (iAs) is ubiquitous in the environment and has been linked to lung cancer and a number of non-malignant lung disease in both adults and children. However, most studies were conducted in populations with higher arsenic exposure levels in drinking water and relatively little epidemiologic research evaluated the impacts of low levels iAs exposure on non-malignant lung disease among populations that are not primarily exposed to arsenic through drinking water.Objectives: We assessed the associations of arsenic exposure with airway inflammation and lung function among U.S. adults aged 20-79 years using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007-2012 cycles.Methods: Two measures of arsenic exposure, urinary total arsenic and dimethylarsonic acid (DMA), were used. We calibrated these two exposure measures by regressing their concentrations by arsenobetaine and extracting the residuals to calculate estimated total arsenic and estimated DMA. Arsenic exposures were modeled as log-transformed continuous variables as well as quartile categories. Fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FENO), an indicator of respiratory inflammation, was available for participants. For lung function, the best forced expiratory volume in the first one second (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory flow rate (FEF) 25-75%, their percent estimated values, ratios of FEV1 to FVC, and FEF 25-75% to FVC were used (i.e. FEV1/FVC and FEF/FVC). Weighted multivariable linear regression models, adjusted for potential confounders, were used to evaluate the association of arsenic exposure with airway inflammation and lung function overall, and among males and females.Results: Significant associations between arsenic exposure and increased airway inflammation were found. A two-fold increase in urinary total arsenic and DMA was associated with 23.87% (95% CI: 2.66, 49.46) and 14.05% (95% CI: 1.77, 27.81) higher levels of FENO, respectively. In addition, participants in the highest quartile of urinary total arsenic had FENO levels 8.49% (95% CI: 1.13, 16.39) higher than those in the lowest quartile. These associations were similar between males and females. Limited evidence was found for the association with respect to lung function and potential modification effect of sex.Conclusions: Arsenic exposure was related to increased risk of airway inflammation but there is limited evidence of an association in relation to lung function. Future research conducted in populations with relatively lower exposure levels that are not primarily exposed to arsenic through drinking water is needed to confirm our findings.