Sulfur Dioxide and Glutathione Alter the Outcome of Microoxygenation
Sulfur Dioxide and Glutathione Alter the Outcome of Microoxygenation
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DOI：
10.5344/ajev.2015.15005
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发表时间：
2015-11-01
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Waterhouse, Andrew L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gambuti, Angelita;Han, Guomin;Waterhouse, Andrew L.
在23 L中试装置上，对低浓度和高浓度SO2和谷胱甘肽（GSH）的赤霞珠葡萄酒进行了微氧（MOx）处理。治疗一般增加了O-2，醛类和衍生产品，而减少花青素，香草醛反应性黄酮类化合物，和SO2。在治疗过程中，当游离SO2被耗尽在低GSH葡萄酒，溶解氧水平崩溃，伴随着乙醛，吡喃花色素苷，聚合物色素，乙醛缩醛增加。该结果表明，乙醇的芬顿氧化和其他氧化反应通过与氧的直接自由基反应的方式可能加速。在含有高水平GSH的葡萄酒中，花青素得到了保护，首次揭示了GSH的保护作用。然而，这种保护只是部分的，虽然GSH可能有效地防止挥发性硫醇的损失，但它的使用并不能防止红葡萄酒的颜色稳定。由于SO2和GSH都能够调节MOx引发的反应，但反应有些不同，因此在葡萄酒加工和陈酿过程中，通过选择其中一种来控制氧化结果是可能的。由于SO2和O-2水平与MOx反应速率的巨大差异有关，因此这些水平是MOx氧化速率的候选指标。或者，乙醛缩醛的水平可以是在MOx条件下氧化的累积程度的有用指标。
Cabernet Sauvignon wines with low and high levels of SO2 and glutathione (GSH) were treated with microoxygenation (MOx) in a 23 L pilot experiment. Treatment generally increased O-2, aldehydes, and derived products while decreasing anthocyanins, vanillin reactive flavonoids, and SO2. During the treatment, when free SO2 was depleted in the low GSH wine, dissolved oxygen levels collapsed, with a concomitant increase of acetaldehyde, pyranoanthocyanins, polymeric pigments, and acetaldehyde acetals. This outcome indicates a possible acceleration of the Fenton oxidation of ethanol and other oxidation reactions by way of direct free radical reactions with oxygen. In wines containing high levels of GSH, anthocyanins were protected, revealing a protective effect for GSH for the first time. However, the protection was only partial, and while GSH may be effective in preventing the loss of volatile thiols, its use does not prevent color stabilization in red wines. Because both SO2 and GSH are able to modulate the reactions initiated by MOx, but have somewhat dissimilar reactions, it may be possible to manage oxidation outcomes by choosing one or the other during wine processing and aging. Because SO2 and O-2 levels are related to large differences in MOx reaction rates, those levels are candidate indicators of the rate of MOx oxidation. Alternatively, the levels of acetaldehyde acetals may be useful indicators of the cumulative extent of oxidation under MOx conditions.