Risk factors for surgical site infection.
Risk factors for surgical site infection.
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DOI：
10.1089/sur.2006.7.s-7
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发表时间：
2006-01-01
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Cheadle, William G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cheadle, William G
背景技术背景：多达5%的接受手术的患者发生手术部位感染（SSI），这可能导致许多发病率，有时可能是致命的。治疗SSIs的财政资源的卫生保健system.METHODS：审查目前的做法和guidelines.RESULTS：重要的病人相关因素SSI包括现有的感染，低血清白蛋白浓度，老年，肥胖，吸烟，糖尿病和缺血继发于血管疾病或辐射。手术风险因素包括手术时间延长和手术擦洗或皮肤消毒准备不足。增加SSI风险的生理状态包括创伤、休克、输血、体温过低、缺氧和高血糖。可能与SSI风险增加独立相关的参数，以及可能预测感染的参数，包括腹部手术，污染或肮脏的手术，以及出院时的三种以上诊断。感染的主要来源是患者皮肤上的微生物，较少的情况下是消化道或女性生殖道。最常分离的微生物是金黄色葡萄球菌，通常对甲氧西林具有耐药性。抗生素耐药菌是一个持续和日益增长的problem.CONCLUSIONS：广泛的患者相关，手术相关，生理因素增加SSI的风险。
BACKGROUND: As many as 5% of patients undergoing surgery develop surgical site infections (SSIs), which may cause much morbidity and may sometimes be fatal. Treating SSIs imposes a substantial strain on the financial resources of the health care system.METHODS: Review of current practice and guidelines.RESULTS: Important patient-related factors for SSI include existing infection, low serum albumin concentration, older age, obesity, smoking, diabetes mellitus, and ischemia secondary to vascular disease or irradiation. Surgical risk factors include prolonged procedures and inadequacies in either the surgical scrub or the antiseptic preparation of the skin. Physiological states that increase the risk of SSI include trauma, shock, blood transfusion, hypothermia, hypoxia, and hyperglycemia. Parameters that may be associated independently with an increased risk of SSI, and that may predict infection, include abdominal surgery, a contaminated or dirty operation, and more than three diagnoses at the time of discharge. The major sources of infection are microorganisms on the patient's skin and, less often, the alimentary tract or female genital tract. The organism most often isolated is Staphylococcus aureus, which often is resistant to methicillin. Antibiotic-resistant bacteria are a continuing and increasing problem.CONCLUSIONS: A wide range of patient-related, surgery-related, and physiological factors heighten the risk of SSI.