Occupation is more important than rural or urban residence in explaining the prevalence of metabolic and cardiovascular disease risk in Guatemalan adults
Occupation is more important than rural or urban residence in explaining the prevalence of metabolic and cardiovascular disease risk in Guatemalan adults
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DOI：
10.1093/jn/137.5.1314
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发表时间：
2007-05-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Stein, Aryeh D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gregory, Cria O.;Dai, Jun;Stein, Aryeh D.
城市化带来的饮食和活动模式的变化正在导致心血管疾病在全球流行；较少的研究集中在农村人口的活动上。我们研究了 527 名女性和 360 名男性（25-42 岁），他们全部出生于农村，目前居住在危地马拉的农村或城市地区。我们进一步将农村男性职业分为农业职业和非农业职业。男性（农业-农村，27%；非农业-农村，44%；城市，55%；P < 0.01）和女性（农村，58%；城市，68%；P= 0.04）的超重状况（BMI >= 25 kg/m(2)）因居住地/职业的不同而存在差异。据报道，有 76%、37% 和 20% 的男性（分别为农业-农村、非农业-农村和城市；P < 0.01）具有中度至剧烈的生活方式；大多数女性都是久坐的，不同居住地没有差异。农业农村、非农业农村和城市男性的代谢综合征患病率分别为17%、24%和28%（P=0.2），农村和城市女性的代谢综合征患病率分别为44%和45%（P=0.4）。饮食变量在很大程度上与肥胖或心脏代谢危险因素无关；男性的体力活动与体脂百分比呈负相关。身体脂肪百分比与高密度脂蛋白胆固醇呈负相关，与男性和女性的甘油三酯、血压和代谢综合征呈正相关，与女性的低密度脂蛋白胆固醇和空腹血糖呈正相关。主要归因于职业的体力活动水平差异似乎比居住地本身对男性心血管疾病风险的影响更为重要；这些久坐妇女之间的差异可能与与城市环境相关的其他因素有关。
Diet and activity pattern changes consequent to urbanization are contributing to the global epidemic of cardiovascular disease; less research has focused on activity within rural populations. We studied 527 women and 360 men (25-42 y), all rural-born and currently residing in rural or urban areas of Guatemala. We further classified rural male occupations as agricultural or nonagricultural. Overweight status (BMI >= 25 kg/m(2)) differed by residence/occupation among men (agricultural-rural, 27%; nonagricultural-rural, 44%; and urban, 55%; P < 0.01) and women (rural, 58%; and urban, 68%; P= 0.04). A moderate-to-vigorous lifestyle was reported by 76, 37, and 20% of men (agricultural-rural, nonagricultural-rural, and urban, respectively; P < 0.01); most women were sedentary, with no difference by residence. Prevalence of the metabolic syndrome was 17, 24, and 28% in agricultural-rural, nonagricultural-rural, and urban men, respectively (P= 0.2), and 44 and 45% in rural and urban women (P = 0.4). Dietary variables were largely unassociated with adiposity or cardiometabolic risk factors; physical activity was inversely associated with the percentage of body fat in men. Percent body fat was inversely associated with HDL-cholesterol, and positively associated with triglycerides, blood pressure, and the metabolic syndrome in both men and women, and with LDL-cholesterol and fasting glucose in women. Differences in physical activity level, mainly attributable to occupation, appear more important than residence, per se, in influencing the risk for cardiovascular disease among men; differences among these sedentary women are likely related to other factors associated with an urban environment.