Socio-technical disagreements as ethical fora: Parabon NanoLab's forensic DNA Snapshot™ service at the intersection of discourses around robust science, technology validation, and commerce
Socio-technical disagreements as ethical fora: Parabon NanoLab's forensic DNA Snapshot™ service at the intersection of discourses around robust science, technology validation, and commerce
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作为道德论坛的社会技术分歧：Parabon NanoLab 的法医 DNA 快照™ 服务处于围绕强大科学、技术验证和商业的讨论的交叉点
DOI：
10.1057/s41292-018-0138-8
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发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
1.6
通讯作者：
Wienroth M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wienroth M
DNA图谱和数据库技术已成为许多国家刑事司法实践的组成部分，其可靠性现在很少受到挑战。然而，一套新的法医遗传学技术已经出现，其中之一是法医DNA表型(FDP)。FDP旨在从DNA中推断一个人的可见特征，并预测生物地理祖先，以便为困难的调查提供情报。围绕自民党的争论在很大程度上是学术和法律上的，但在一些国家，它们已经成为公共利益。在这里，许多科学家和实践者倾向于避免公开表达对此类技术局限性的分歧。这篇论文关注了更广泛的法医遗传学社区中罕见的关于技术科学实践的公开分歧，该分歧是关于一种名为Snapshot™的商业法医服务，该服务利用了自来水。它对科学家关于开发和使用这套技术的伦理推理的分析有助于理解法医遗传学的政治经济学，它是科学伦理学、法医实践和商业资源的交汇点，使该领域的进一步科学研究变得可见并使之成为可能。更广泛地说，这篇论文提出，参加这样的公共伦理辩论，可以提供对共同构成新兴技术的各种交叉利害关系的迫切需要的洞察。
DNA profiling and databasing technologies have become integral to criminal justice practices in many countries, and their reliability is now rarely challenged. However, a new set of forensic genetics technologies has emerged, one of which is forensic DNA phenotyping (FDP). FDP aims to infer a person’s visible traits from DNA, and to predict biogeographical ancestry, in order to provide intelligence for difficult investigations. Debates around FDP have been largely academic and legal, but in some countries they have become of public interest. Here, many scientists and practitioners tend to avoid publically articulating disagreement about the limitations of such technologies. This paper attends to a rare public disagreement about technoscientific practices in the wider forensic genetics community about a commercial forensic service called Snapshot™ which utilises FDP. Its analysis of scientists’ ethical reasoning about the development and use of this set of technologies contributes to understanding the political economy of forensic genetics, at the intersection of scientific ethics, forensic practice, and commercial resources that make visible and enable further scientific research in the field. More widely, this paper proposes that attending to public ethical debates such as this offers much-needed insight into the various intersecting stakes that co-constitute emerging technologies.