Working memory and fluid intelligence in young children
Working memory and fluid intelligence in young children
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DOI：
10.1016/j.intell.2010.07.003
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发表时间：
2010-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Gathercole, Susan E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
de Abreu, Pascale M. J. Engel;Conway, Andrew R. A.;Gathercole, Susan E.
这项研究调查了幼儿的工作记忆和液态智力是如何相关的，以及这些联系是如何随着时间的推移而发展的。主要目的是确定工作记忆系统的哪个方面--短期储存或认知控制--驱动与流动智力的关系。从幼儿园到二年级，对119名儿童进行了跟踪调查，完成了工作记忆、短期记忆和液态智力的多项评估。数据显示，在幼儿中，工作记忆、短期记忆和流动智力高度相关，但又是独立的结构。结果进一步表明，在控制了工作记忆和短时记忆的共同方差的情况下，剩余工作记忆因素与流体智力之间存在显著的联系，而剩余短期记忆因素与流体智力之间没有显著的联系。这些发现表明，在幼儿中，认知控制机制而不是工作记忆广度任务的存储部分是他们与液态智力联系的来源。(C)2010 Elsevier Inc.保留所有权利。
The present study investigates how working memory and fluid intelligence are related in young children and how these links develop over time. The major aim is to determine which aspect of the working memory system-short-term storage or cognitive control drives the relationship with fluid intelligence. A sample of 119 children was followed from kindergarten to second grade and completed multiple assessments of working memory, short-term memory, and fluid intelligence. The data showed that working memory, short-term memory, and fluid intelligence were highly related but separate constructs in young children. The results further showed that when the common variance between working memory and short-term memory was controlled, the residual working memory factor manifested significant links with fluid intelligence whereas the residual short-term memory factor did not. These findings suggest that in young children cognitive control mechanisms rather than the storage component of working memory span tasks are the source of their link with fluid intelligence. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.