River channel network design for drought and flood control: A case study of Xiaoqinghe River basin, Jinan City, China.
River channel network design for drought and flood control: A case study of Xiaoqinghe River basin, Jinan City, China.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jenvman.2009.07.010
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发表时间：
2009-08
影响因子：
8.7
通讯作者：
B. Cui;Chongfang Wang;Wendong Tao;Zheyuan You
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
B. Cui;Chongfang Wang;Wendong Tao;Zheyuan You
大规模的人工治水工程减轻了河道对城市化的脆弱性。然而，面临的挑战是，在河流的孤立部分采用传统的工程做法可能会扰乱水文连续性，并中断生态系统的自然状态。以小清河流域为整体，我们开发了一个河道网络设计，以降低河流风险，同时保持河流尽可能自然的状态。详细阐述了枯水期干旱和丰水期洪水的河道风险以及调水的潜力。在此基础上，可以设计一个具有“节点”和“边”的网络，分别减轻干旱和洪水风险。然后应用图论中的最短路径算法对低流量管网进行优化，寻找最短路径，并分别对低流量和高流量管网进行效能评估。对于前者，通过计算“连通性伽马指数”和“线路阿尔法指数”来评价网络连通性;对于后者，设计并计算防洪能力与预计洪水位的比值。结果表明，该设计在低流量期间提高了网络连通性和电路，表明流量通道更流畅，并在高流量期间降低了洪水风险。
Vulnerability of river channels to urbanization has been lessened by the extensive construction of artificial water control improvements. The challenge, however, is that traditional engineering practices on isolated parts of a river may disturb the hydrologic continuity and interrupt the natural state of ecosystems. Taking the Xiaoqinghe River basin as a whole, we developed a river channel network design to mitigate river risks while sustaining the river in a state as natural as possible. The river channel risk from drought during low-flow periods and flood during high-flow periods as well as the potential for water diversion were articulated in detail. On the basis of the above investigation, a network with “nodes” and “edges” could be designed to relieve drought hazard and flood risk respectively. Subsequently, the shortest path algorithm in the graph theory was applied to optimize the low-flow network by searching for the shortest path. The effectiveness assessment was then performed for the low-flow and high-flow networks, respectively. For the former, the network connectedness was evaluated by calculating the “gamma index of connectivity” and “alpha index of circuitry”; for the latter, the ratio of flood-control capacity to projected flood level was devised and calculated. Results show that the design boosted network connectivity and circuitry during the low-flow periods, indicating a more fluent flow pathway, and reduced the flood risk during the high-flow periods.