The cutaneous microbiota of bats has in vitro antifungal activity against the white nose pathogen
The cutaneous microbiota of bats has in vitro antifungal activity against the white nose pathogen
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DOI：
10.1093/femsec/fiz193
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发表时间：
2020-02-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Walker, Donald M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Grisnik, Matthew;Bowers, Olivia;Walker, Donald M.
自从引入美国以来，白鼻综合症的真菌病原体破坏假裸囊菌 (Pd) 已导致数百万只蝙蝠死亡。最近，在蝙蝠微生物群落中发现了能够抑制 Pd 生长的细菌，这引起了人们对阐明细菌群落与病原体相互作用的兴趣增加。我们的目标是确定蝙蝠皮肤细菌是否具有针对钯的抗真菌活性，并将蝙蝠皮肤微生物群的差异与钯的存在/不存在相关联。我们假设蝙蝠的皮肤微生物群富含抗真菌细菌，并且皮肤组合与 Pd 状态相关。为了测试这一点，我们从 Pd 阳性洞穴中采集了蝙蝠微生物群、邻近的栖息地表面和土壤样本，以推断抗真菌类群可能存在的重叠，我们在体外测试了这些细菌的生物活性，最后使用扩增子和鸟枪法高通量 DNA 测序比较了细菌组合。结果表明，钯的存在对不同地点的蝙蝠皮肤微生物群落的影响不一致。与培养的抗真菌细菌相对应的操作分类单位（OTU）存在于所有样本类型中，但相对于环境而言，蝙蝠皮肤上的数量明显更多。此外，发现 Pd 阴性蝙蝠的微生物群落比阳性蝙蝠具有更多对应于抗真菌类群的 OTU，这表明真菌病原体和皮肤微生物群落之间存在相互作用。
Since its introduction into the USA, Pseudogymnoascus destructans (Pd), the fungal pathogen of white-nose syndrome, has killed millions of bats. Recently, bacteria capable of inhibiting the growth of Pd have been identified within bat microbial assemblages, leading to increased interest in elucidating bacterial assemblage-pathogen interactions. Our objectives were to determine if bat cutaneous bacteria have antifungal activity against Pd, and correlate differences in the bat cutaneous microbiota with the presence/absence of Pd. We hypothesized that the cutaneous microbiota of bats is enriched with antifungal bacteria, and that the skin assemblage will correlate with Pd status. To test this, we sampled bat microbiota, adjacent roost surfaces and soil from Pd positive caves to infer possible overlap of antifungal taxa, we tested these bacteria for bioactivity in vitro, and lastly compared bacterial assemblages using both amplicon and shotgun high-throughput DNA sequencing. Results suggest that the presence of Pd has an inconsistent influence on the bat cutaneous microbial assemblage across sites. Operational taxonomic units (OTUs) that corresponded with cultured antifungal bacteria were present within all sample types but were significantly more abundant on bat skin relative to the environment. Additionally, the microbial assemblage of Pd negative bats was found to have more OTUs that corresponded to antifungal taxa than positive bats, suggesting an interaction between the fungal pathogen and cutaneous microbial assemblage.