The Institutionalization of Mobility: Well-being and Social Hierarchies in Central Asian Translocal Livelihoods
The Institutionalization of Mobility: Well-being and Social Hierarchies in Central Asian Translocal Livelihoods
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流动性的制度化：中亚跨国生计的福祉和社会等级
DOI：
10.1080/17450101.2014.984939
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Manja Stephan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Philipp J. H. Schröder;Manja Stephan
在更广泛的科学辩论中，后苏联中亚主要是因为这个地区目前正在经历地缘战略和资源竞争的“新的大博弈”而闻名。与此形成对照的是，关于吉尔吉斯斯坦或塔吉克斯坦等国非精英行为者的各种跨界流动、网络和身份的人种学研究最近才开始。本文提出了一个概念的方法，基于“translocality”和“histhood”，提出了深入的案例研究，探讨中亚人如何从事“做生意”，“演变”他们的穆斯林虔诚，超越城乡边界和经验之间的“家”和俄罗斯，中国或埃及的城市种族边缘化。我们展示了流动性是如何制度化的，即如何在这些“translocal生计”的地理搬迁不仅联合收割机与社会流动性，但个人福祉的评估和文化规范的方向也借鉴了一个人的性别和世代的社会等级内的特定位置。
Abstract In the wider scientific debate, post-Soviet Central Asia has been primarily known for the question in what ways this region currently experiences a ‘New Great Game’ of geostrategy and resource-competition. In contrast to that, ethnographic research on the various cross-border mobilities, networks and identifications of non-elite actors from countries such as Kyrgyzstan or Tajikistan has set off only recently. Proposing a conceptual approach based on ‘translocality’ and ‘livelihood’, this article presents in-depth case studies which explore how Central Asians engage in ‘business-making’, ‘evolve’ their Muslim piety, transgress rural–urban boundaries and experience ethnic marginalization in between ‘home’ and cities in Russia, China or Egypt. We show how mobility is institutionalized, i.e. how within these ‘translocal livelihoods’ geographic relocations do not only combine with social mobility, but that assessments on personal well-being and the orientation on cultural norms also draw on somebody’s particular position within social hierarchies of gender and generation.