Eugenol for dairy cows fed low or high concentrate diets: Effects on digestion, ruminal fermentation characteristics, rumen microbial populations and milk fatty acid profile
Eugenol for dairy cows fed low or high concentrate diets: Effects on digestion, ruminal fermentation characteristics, rumen microbial populations and milk fatty acid profile
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DOI：
10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2012.10.005
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发表时间：
2012-12-20
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Chouinard, P. Y.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Benchaar, C.;Lettat, A.;Chouinard, P. Y.
本试验采用4头经瘤胃插管的泌乳奶牛，采用4 × 4拉丁方设计（28 d），采用2 × 2析因处理，研究丁香酚添加量、日粮精料比例及其相互作用对奶牛消化、瘤胃发酵、微生物种群、产奶量和乳成分（包括乳脂肪酸（FA））的影响。奶牛自由采食低（LC）或高（HC）精料全混合日粮（TMR），不含或含丁香酚（50 mg/kg干物质（DM）摄入量）。饲料：精料比（DM基础）为650：350和350：650，分别为LC和HC。日粮中添加丁香酚对奶牛干物质采食量、消化率、瘤胃发酵、瘤胃细菌和原虫数量以及产奶性能均无影响。增加日粮的精料比例导致饲喂高淀粉日粮的奶牛的典型变化（即，降低瘤胃pH值和乙酸盐：丙酸盐比率;细菌种群的变化;降低乳脂和提高乳蛋白浓度）。比例t-11 18：1到t-10 18：1不受饮食处理的影响，表明在瘤胃中FA的生物氢化途径没有变化。尽管由于增加日粮的浓缩物比例而改变了瘤胃功能，但向这些高或低浓缩物日粮中添加丁香酚并没有改变消化、瘤胃发酵和微生物种群，这表明效果（即，丁子香酚的抗微生物剂）既不依赖于pH也不依赖于饮食。在本研究的实验条件下评价的剂量率下，丁香酚缺乏功效，表明这种精油用作奶牛营养中的饲料添加剂的潜力可能较低。皇冠版权所有（C）2012由Elsevier B. V.出版。保留所有权利。
Four ruminally cannulated primiparous lactating cows were used in a 4 x 4 Latin square design experiment (28 d periods) with a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement of treatments to examine effects of eugenol supplementation, concentrate proportion of the diet and their interaction on digestion, ruminal fermentation, microbial populations, milk production and milk composition, including milk fatty acid (FA) profile. Cows were fed for ad libitum intake a low (LC) or high (HC) concentrate total mixed ration (TMR) without or with eugenol (50 mg/kg of dry matter (DM) intake. The forage:concentrate ratio was (DM basis) 650:350 and 350:650 for LC and HC, respectively. Adding eugenol to the diets had no effects on DM intake, digestion, ruminal fermentation, rumen microbial populations of bacteria and protozoa and milk performance. Increasing the concentrate proportion of the diet resulted in changes typical of cows fed high starch diets (i.e., lower ruminal pH and acetate:propionate ratio; shift in bacterial populations; lower milk fat and higher milk protein concentrations). The ratio t-11 18:1 to t-10 18:1 was not affected by dietary treatments, indicating no changes in the pathway of biohydrogenation of FA in the rumen. Despite the alteration of rumen function due to increasing the proportion of the concentrate of the diet, adding eugenol to these high or low concentrate diets did not modify digestion, ruminal fermentation and microbial populations, suggesting that the effect (i.e., antimicrobial) of eugenol is neither pH nor diet dependant. The lack of efficacy of eugenol at the dosage rate evaluated under the experimental conditions of this study suggests that this essential oil may have low potential for use as feed additive in dairy cow nutrition. Crown Copyright (C) 2012 Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.