Hereditary breast cancer: the era of new susceptibility genes.

Hereditary breast cancer: the era of new susceptibility genes.
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DOI:
10.1155/2013/747318
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发表时间:
2013
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Fostira F
Fostira F
中科院分区:
生物学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Apostolou P;Fostira F

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乳腺癌是女性最常见的恶性肿瘤。5%-10%的乳腺癌病例是遗传性的,由被考虑的参考BRCA1和BRCA2基因的致病突变引起。随着测序技术的发展,更多的易感基因被发现,BRCA1和BRCA2的易感性似乎只是故事的一部分。这些新发现包括其他高渗透基因的罕见胚系突变,其中最重要的包括Li-Fraumeni综合征的TP53突变,Peutz-Jeghers综合征的STK11突变,以及Cowden综合征的PTEN突变。此外,在乳腺癌聚集性家系中,在中或低渗透性基因,如CHEK2、ATM、PALB2和BRIP1中发现了更频繁但不那么渗透性的突变。本文将对乳腺癌易感基因新发现的所有最新数据进行综述。
Breast cancer is the most common malignancy among females. 5%–10% of breast cancer cases are hereditary and are caused by pathogenic mutations in the considered reference BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes. As sequencing technologies evolve, more susceptible genes have been discovered and BRCA1 and BRCA2 predisposition seems to be only a part of the story. These new findings include rare germline mutations in other high penetrant genes, the most important of which include TP53 mutations in Li-Fraumeni syndrome, STK11 mutations in Peutz-Jeghers syndrome, and PTEN mutations in Cowden syndrome. Furthermore, more frequent, but less penetrant, mutations have been identified in families with breast cancer clustering, in moderate or low penetrant genes, such as CHEK2, ATM, PALB2, and BRIP1. This paper will summarize all current data on new findings in breast cancer susceptibility genes.
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