Beyond actions: Reparatory effects of regret in intergroup trust games
Beyond actions: Reparatory effects of regret in intergroup trust games
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jesp.2019.01.006
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发表时间：
2019-05
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Magdalena Rychlowska;Job van der Schalk;J. Gratch;Eva Breitinger;A. Manstead
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Magdalena Rychlowska;Job van der Schalk;J. Gratch;Eva Breitinger;A. Manstead
群体间信任对合作和社会福祉至关重要，但比人际信任更难建立。我们调查了在做出经济决策后表现出的负面情绪，尤其是后悔情绪，是否能够塑造群体间的信任。在三项研究中的每一项中，参与者都是与另一组玩两轮信任游戏的小组成员。在第一轮实验中，他们观察到一名外部群体成员对内部群体采取了公平或不公平的行为，然后对这种行为表达了积极(即快乐)或消极(即遗憾、不快乐)的情绪。在第二轮比赛中，参与者与另一名外组成员一起比赛。外组代表在第一轮不公平行为后表现出的情绪影响了参与者在第二轮中的分配，在后悔和不快乐之后的情绪高于在积极情绪之后的分配。因此，一个群外成员表达的情绪会影响与其他没有交流情绪的成员的互动。研究3的结果显示，这些影响是由后悔增加了群体间的信任推动的，而不是由快乐降低的。此外，参与者的分配是根据他们对外组代表希望改变其行为的程度的感知来预测的。综上所述，研究结果表明，后悔表达通过减弱不公平行为的有害影响来影响群体间信任。
Intergroup trust is vital for cooperation and societal well-being, but is harder to establish than interpersonal trust. We investigate whether expressions of negative emotions, in particular regret, following economic decisions can shape intergroup trust. In each of three studies participants were members of a group playing a two-round trust game with another group. In the first round, they observed an outgroup member who acted fairly or unfairly towards the ingroup and then expressed positive (i.e., happiness) or negative (i.e., regret, unhappiness) emotions about this behavior. In the second round, participants played with another outgroup member. Emotions displayed by the outgroup representative following unfair behavior in round 1 influenced participants' allocations in round 2, which were higher following regret and unhappiness than following positive emotions. Thus, emotions expressed by one outgroup member affected interactions with other members who had not communicated emotions. Findings of Study 3 revealed that these effects were driven by regret increasing intergroup trust, rather than by happiness decreasing it. Moreover, participants' allocations were predicted by their perceptions of the extent to which the outgroup representative wished to change her behavior. Together, the findings reveal that regret expressions influence intergroup trust by attenuating the detrimental effects of unfair behavior.