Human amnesia and the medial temporal lobe illuminated by neuropsychological and neurohistological findings for patient E. P.
Human amnesia and the medial temporal lobe illuminated by neuropsychological and neurohistological findings for patient E. P.
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1306244110
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发表时间：
2013-05-21
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Squire, Larry R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Insausti, Ricardo;Annese, Jacopo;Squire, Larry R.
我们介绍了一例双侧对称性内侧颞叶损伤并有良好记录的记忆损害的病例的神经组织学信息。E.P.在70岁时出现严重的记忆障碍，然后进行了14年的研究，他没有学习事实和事件的能力，并患有数十年的逆行性健忘症。他的语义知识也受到了一定程度的损害。神经组织学分析显示双侧对称的内侧颞叶病变，消除了颞极、杏仁核、内嗅皮层、海马区、海马区周围皮质和吻侧海马旁皮质。病变还向外侧延伸，实质上累及梭形回。最后，上、下、中回萎缩，其下白质呈胶质样变。有几点考虑表明，EP.S严重的记忆障碍是由他的内侧颞叶病变引起的，而他的语义知识受损是由外侧颞叶病变引起的。他的侧颞叶损伤也可能是他广泛的逆行性健忘症的原因之一。这些发现阐明了记忆、知觉和语义知识之间的解剖关系。
We present neurohistological information for a case of bilateral, symmetrical damage to the medial temporal lobe and well-documented memory impairment. E. P. developed profound memory impairment at age 70 y and then was studied for 14 y He had no capacity for learning facts and events and had retrograde amnesia covering several decades. He also had a modest impairment of semantic knowledge. Neurohistological analysis revealed bilaterally symmetrical lesions of the medial temporal lobe that eliminated the temporal pole, the amygdala, the entorhinal cortex, the hippocampus, the perirhinal cortex, and rostral parahippocampal cortex. The lesion also extended laterally to involve the fusiform gyrus substantially. Last, the superior, inferior, and middle temporal gyri were atrophic, and subjacent white matter was gliotic. Several considerations indicate that E.P.' s severe memory impairment was caused by his medial temporal lesions, whereas his impaired semantic knowledge was caused by lateral temporal damage. His lateral temporal damage also may have contributed to his extensive retrograde amnesia. The findings illuminate the anatomical relationship between memory, perception, and semantic knowledge.