Single-vesicle imaging reveals different transport mechanisms between glutamatergic and GABAergic vesicles
Single-vesicle imaging reveals different transport mechanisms between glutamatergic and GABAergic vesicles
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DOI：
10.1126/science.aad8142
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发表时间：
2016-02-26
期刊：
影响因子：
56.9
通讯作者：
Woehler, Andrew
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Farsi, Zohreh;Preobraschenski, Julia;Woehler, Andrew
突触传递是由神经递质的释放所介导的，神经递质的释放涉及突触小泡的胞外内吞循环。为了维持突触功能，突触小泡在内吞作用后的几秒钟内，利用电化学质子梯度提供的能量，被数千个神经递质分子重新填充。然而，目前尚不清楚携带不同净电荷的递质分子如何在保持电荷中性和渗透平衡的同时有效地隔离。我们使用单泡成像来监测pH和电梯度，并直接显示了谷氨酸和g-氨基丁酸(GABA)并行工作的不同摄取机制。与谷氨酸相反，GABA被交换为质子，没有其他离子参与运输循环。因此，只需要几种成分就能保证不同神经递质可靠地填充囊泡。
Synaptic transmission is mediated by the release of neurotransmitters, which involves exo-endocytotic cycling of synaptic vesicles. To maintain synaptic function, synaptic vesicles are refilled with thousands of neurotransmitter molecules within seconds after endocytosis, using the energy provided by an electrochemical proton gradient. However, it is unclear how transmitter molecules carrying different net charges can be efficiently sequestered while maintaining charge neutrality and osmotic balance. We used single-vesicle imaging to monitor pH and electrical gradients and directly showed different uptake mechanisms for glutamate and g-aminobutyric acid (GABA) operating in parallel. In contrast to glutamate, GABA was exchanged for protons, with no other ions participating in the transport cycle. Thus, only a few components are needed to guarantee reliable vesicle filling with different neurotransmitters.