Mitochondrial DNA analysis reveals cryptic large-scale invasion of non-native genotypes of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) in Japan
Mitochondrial DNA analysis reveals cryptic large-scale invasion of non-native genotypes of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) in Japan
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1365-294x.2007.03626.x
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发表时间：
2008-02-01
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Nishida, M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Mabuchi, K.;Senou, H.;Nishida, M.
野生鲤鱼(Cyprinus Carpio)可能遭受同种驯化品种的生物入侵。然而，这种入侵可能在很大程度上被引进株和本地株之间的形态相似性所掩盖。我们对日本11个地方的线粒体DNA序列(完整的D-环区)进行了大规模的调查。在166个个体中，28个单倍型被确定为6个不同的分支。六个分支中的一个包括19个具有中等核苷酸差异的亲缘关系密切的单倍型；然而，其余五个分支各自包括一个单倍型或两个几乎相同的单倍型。系统发育分析和先前发表的欧亚单倍型进一步表明，单型支系是欧亚多个支系的姐妹，而19个相关单倍型形成了一个独立于整个欧亚支系的单系群。考虑到它们的单系性和遗传多样性，这19个相关单倍型被认为来自日本本土菌株。相反，它们与欧亚血统的亲缘关系和非自然的低遗传多样性导致这五个单型支系的单倍型被认为是从欧亚大陆引进的驯化菌株。这些假说得到了进一步证据的支持，即可能的非本土单倍型经常从日本驯化菌株中被发现，当可能的非本土单倍型被排除在分析之外时，可能的本土种群结构被挽救。这项研究表明，在所有研究地点，几乎一半或更多的单倍型来自从欧亚大陆引进的驯化菌株。
Wild common carp (Cyprinus carpio) are probably suffering from biological invasions of conspecific domesticated strains. However, such invasions may be largely camouflaged by morphological similarities between introduced and native strains. We conducted a large survey of mitochondrial DNA sequences (complete D-loop region) from 11 localities in Japan. From a total of 166 individuals, 28 haplotypes were determined to fit into six divergent clades. One of the six clades included 19 closely related haplotypes with moderate nucleotide differences; however, the remaining five clades each included either a single haplotype or two almost identical haplotypes. Phylogenetic analysis together with the previously published Eurasian haplotypes further demonstrated that the 'monotypic' clades were sisters to various Eurasian lineages, whereas the 19 related haplotypes formed a monophyletic group apart from the whole Eurasian clade. Given their monophyly and genetic diversity, the 19 related haplotypes were thought to originate from the Japanese native strain. Conversely, their phylogenetic affinities to Eurasian lineages and unnaturally low genetic diversities caused the haplotypes of the five monotypic clades to be considered as domesticated strains introduced from Eurasia. These hypotheses were supported by further evidences; i.e. the probable non-native haplotypes were frequently found from Japanese domesticated strains, and the probable native population structure was rescued when the probable non-native haplotypes were excluded from the analyses. This study revealed that almost half or more of the haplotypes in all of the locations studied originated from domesticated strains introduced from Eurasia.