Central nervous system control mechanisms of swallowing: A neuropharmacological perspective
Central nervous system control mechanisms of swallowing: A neuropharmacological perspective
复制标题
DOI：
10.1007/bf01321768
复制
发表时间：
1993-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Bieger, Detlef
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bieger, Detlef
体内和体外神经药理学研究开始深入了解控制吞咽各个阶段的脑干网络内的化学信号传导过程。兴奋性氨基酸 (EAA) 受体的不同亚型在编程颊咽和食管阶段的孤立中间神经元以及支配食管横纹肌组织的运动神经元水平上起作用。毒蕈碱胆碱感受器（MAChR）可能通过本体延髓输入激活，在产生从孤立神经元到食管运动神经元的输出方面发挥着重要作用。对强直活性 GABAA 受体介导的孤立前运动神经元传入的抑制导致有节律的吞咽输出，反映了 EAA 和 MACK 受体活性的去抑制。运动神经元 EAA 受体可能受到来自孤立前运动神经元的生长抑素能输入的调节。现有证据与食管前运动神经元中的递质异质性一致，该神经元可能为食管蠕动的模式发生器的运动输出级提供传入的化学编码。
Neuropharmacologicalin vivoandin vitroinvestigations are beginning to provide insight into chemical signaling processes within brainstem networks controlling the individual stages of swallowing. Different subtypes of excitatory amino acid (EAA) receptors operate at the level of solitarial interneurons programming the buccopharyngeal and esophageal stage, as well as motoneurons innervating esophageal striated musculature. Muscarinic cholinoceptors (MAChRs), probably activated via a propriobulbar input, are critically involved in generating output from solitarial neurons to esophageal motoneurons. Inhibition to tonically active GABAA-receptor mediated afferents to solitarial premotor neurons results in rhythmic deglutitive output, reflecting disinhibition of EAA and MACK receptor activity. Motoneuronal EAA receptors may be regulated by a somatostatinergic input arising from solitarial premotoneurons. The available evidence is consistent with a transmitter heterogeneity in esophageal premotor neurons that may operate to provide chemical coding of afferents to the motor output stage of the pattern generator for esophageal peristalsis.