Determination of inert and labile copper on GEOTRACES samples using a novel solvent extraction method

Determination of inert and labile copper on GEOTRACES samples using a novel solvent extraction method
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使用新型溶剂萃取方法测定 GEOTRACES 样品中的惰性和不稳定铜

DOI:
10.1016/j.marchem.2021.104073
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发表时间:
2022
期刊:
影响因子:
3
通讯作者:
Moffett, James W.
Moffett, James W.
中科院分区:
地球科学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Moriyasu, Rintaro;Moffett, James W.

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海水中的铜主要与未知成分的有机配体结合。络合作用的特征在于使用合成配体竞争实验,该实验假设系统内所有螯合剂之间的平衡。然而,平衡时间受到合成配体的壁损失问题的限制。在这里,溶剂萃取方法,用于避免壁损失的问题。使用极高浓度的强铜螯合剂8-羟基喹啉,需要至少6小时的平衡时间才能在竞争配体和海水中不稳定的铜之间达到稳定状态。这比以前出版的作品中使用的平衡时间长得多。我们的方法进行了优化,使用GEOTRACES考察在北太平洋和北大西洋的样品。令人惊讶的是,在这些条件下,60-90%的铜不能与8-羟基喹啉交换。我们将这一部分定义为“惰性”,这些数据,其中包括在北太平洋深至1000米的配置文件,表明这是一个普遍的功能。我们的研究结果表明,有两个不同的池不稳定和惰性铜,而不是一个类似的配合物的稳定常数的增量差异的组合。研究结果对铜的海洋地球化学及其生物有效性具有重要意义。络合作用已被证明限制铜的生物利用度,并影响清除和停留时间。此外,铜形态分析方法的一个基本范式,即即使是强的铜络合物也是相对不稳定的,可能是不正确的。
Copper, in seawater, is predominantly bound by organic ligands of unknown composition. Complexation has been thermodynamically characterized using synthetic ligand competition experiments which assumes equilibrium among all chelators within the system. However, equilibration times are constrained by wall loss issues with the synthetic ligands. Here, a solvent extraction methodology, was utilized to avoid the wall-loss problems. Using an exceptionally high concentration of a strong copper chelator, oxine (8-hydroxyquinoline), at least six hours of equilibration time is required to reach steady state between the competing ligand and the labile copper in seawater. This is much longer than equilibration times used in previously published works. Our method was optimized by using samples from GEOTRACES expeditions in the North Pacific and North Atlantic Oceans. Surprisingly, 60–90% of the copper was not exchangeable with oxine under these conditions. We define this fraction as “inert”, and these data, which include profiles as deep as 1000 m in the North Pacific, suggest that this is a widespread feature. Our results suggest that there are two distinct pools of labile and inert copper, rather than an assemblage of similar complexes with incremental differences in stability constants. The results have important implications for the marine geochemistry of copper and its bioavailability. Complexation has been shown to limit copper bioavailability and influences scavenging and residence time. Moreover, a basic paradigm of copper speciation methodologies, that even strong Cu complexes are relatively labile, is likely incorrect.
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