National checklist for aquatic alien species in Germany.
National checklist for aquatic alien species in Germany.
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DOI：
10.3391/ai.2006.1.4.8
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发表时间：
2006-12-01
影响因子：
1.6
通讯作者：
Nehring, Stefan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gollasch, Stephan;Nehring, Stefan
北海和波罗的海海岸线以及德国境内内陆水域报告了140多个水生外来物种。这些物种中的大多数已经建立了自给自足的种群。最重要的引进媒介是航运、用于水产养殖目的的物种进口以及作为装饰品贸易一部分的物种进口。几艘AAS已经通过航运运河抵达德国水域。许多物种在当地的分布有限，但几乎一半的AAS已经成功地在更大的地区传播。引进的几个物种很丰富，德国约20%的AAS可被视为入侵物种。主要的污染源地区是大西洋西北部、印度洋-太平洋和庞托-里海地区。就所考虑的所有来源区域而言，自上世纪末以来，侵袭率一直在上升。
More than 140 aquatic alien species (AAS) have been reported from coastlines of the North Sea and the Baltic Sea and from inland waters within the national borders of Germany. The majority of these species has established self-sustaining populations. The most important vectors of introduction are shipping, species imports for aquaculture purposes and species imports as part of the ornamental trade. Several AAS have reached German waters via shipping canals. Many species show a locally limited distribution, but almost half of all AAS have spread successfully across larger areas. Several introduced species are abundant and approximately 20 % of all AAS in Germany can be considered as invasive. Prime source regions are the north-western Atlantic, the Indo-Pacific, and the Ponto-Caspian region. For all source regions considered, the invasion rate has been increasing since the end of the last century.