The “Brain Drain” of Health Care Workers: Causes, Solutions and the Example of Jamaica
The “Brain Drain” of Health Care Workers: Causes, Solutions and the Example of Jamaica
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卫生保健工作者的“人才流失”：原因、解决方案和牙买加的例子
DOI：
10.1007/bf03404445
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发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
A. Lofters
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Lofters
尽管近年来媒体对加拿大医生短缺给予了大量关注，但与许多中低收入国家相比，这种短缺显得微不足道。造成这些国家医护人员短缺的一个主要原因是从发展中国家向发达国家移徙医护人员，这种现象被称为“人才外流”。这些工人的流失对全球，特别是撒哈拉以南非洲和加勒比地区产生了破坏性影响。“人才流失”的原因有很多，包括贫穷国家恶劣的工作条件和富裕国家积极的招聘。牙买加是受保健工作者大规模移徙影响最严重的加勒比国家之一。牙买加卫生工作者“人才流失”的多重层面既说明了本评论所述问题的复杂性，也说明了低收入和中等收入国家的净损失。全球正在积极寻求解决这一问题的创造性和可持续的办法，但如果要对健康产生有意义的影响，就需要所有国家以及国际供资机构的承诺和支持。
Despite much media attention being given to the physician shortage in Canada in recent years, this shortage pales in comparison to that seen in many middle- and low-income countries. A major cause of the shortage in these countries is the migration of health care workers from developing to developed nations, a phenomenon known as the “brain drain”. The loss of these workers is having devastating impacts globally, particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa and the Caribbean. Causes of the “brain drain” are numerous and include poor working conditions in poorer countries and active recruitment by richer countries. Jamaica has been one of the countries in the Caribbean hardest hit by mass migration of health care workers. The multiple dimensions of Jamaica’s health worker “brain drain” illustrate both the complexity of the issues reviewed in this commentary, and the net loss for low- and middle-income countries. Creative and sustainable solutions to the problem are actively being sought globally, but will require commitment and support from all nations as well as from international funding bodies if meaningful impacts on health are to be realized.