Microbiologically influenced corrosion of metals and alloys
Microbiologically influenced corrosion of metals and alloys
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DOI：
10.1179/imr.1991.36.1.253
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发表时间：
1991-01
影响因子：
16.1
通讯作者：
B. Little;P. Wagner;F. Mansfeld
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
B. Little;P. Wagner;F. Mansfeld
在水生环境中，微生物附着在金属上并在表面定居形成生物膜，在生物膜/金属界面产生一个在pH、溶解氧以及有机和无机物种方面与主体介质完全不同的环境，并导致控制腐蚀速度的电化学反应。微生物腐蚀一词用于指代金属表面生物膜内微生物的存在和活动所引起的腐蚀。微生物可以加速腐蚀过程中的部分反应速度，改变腐蚀机制。近年来，随着表面分析和电化学技术的发展，微生物对腐蚀的影响越来越受到腐蚀科学家和工程师的关注，这些技术可以量化微生物对电化学现象的影响，并提供腐蚀机理的详细信息。暴露在海水、淡水、非矿化水、加工化学品、食品、土壤、航空燃料、人类血浆和污水中的金属受到微生物影响的腐蚀已有记录。
In aquatic environments, microorganisms attach to metals and colonise the surface to form biofilms producing an environment at the biofilm/metal interface that is radically different from that of the bulk medium in terms of pH, dissolved oxygen, and organic and inorganic species and leading to electrochemical reactions that control corrosion rates. The term microbiologically influenced corrosion is used to designate corrosion resulting from the presence and activities of microorganisms within biofilms at metal surfaces. Microorganisms can accelerate rates of partial reactions in corrosion processes and shift the mechanism for corrosion. Microbiologically influenced corrosion has received increased attention by corrosion scientists and engineers in recent years with the development of surface analytical and electrochemical techniques that can quantify the impact of microbes on electrochemical phenomena and provide details of corrosion mechanisms. Microbiologically influenced corrosion has been documented for metals exposed to sea water, fresh water, demineralised water, process chemicals, food stuffs, soils, aircraft fuels, human plasma, and sewage.