Identifying challenges of living with type 1 diabetes: child and youth perspectives
Identifying challenges of living with type 1 diabetes: child and youth perspectives
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DOI：
10.1111/jocn.12046
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发表时间：
2013-07-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Mandleco, Barbara
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Freeborn, Donna;Dyches, Tina;Mandleco, Barbara
目的和目标 从患有 1 型糖尿病的儿童和青少年的角度确定他们遇到的挑战。背景 1 型糖尿病需要改变生活方式，包括调整饮食、监测血糖、计算碳水化合物和注射胰岛素。学习自我保健和培养积极态度可以改善血糖管理并促进长期利益。因此，从自己的角度了解 1 型糖尿病青少年面临的挑战是改善该年龄段糖尿病结局的重要第一步。设计 通过焦点小组进行定性描述性设计，以确定患有 1 型糖尿病的儿童和青少年的经历和挑战。方法 2010 年举办了为期四个月的六次焦点小组会议；每位参与者参加一个焦点小组。共有 16 名患有 1 型糖尿病的儿童和青少年参加。焦点小组讨论被录音、逐字转录，并根据定性方法分析共同主题。为了确保可信度，研究人员独立编码访谈，并对主题进行完善和调整，直到达成共识。结果 对焦点小组的记录进行分析后，出现了三个主题，这些记录体现了患有 1 型糖尿病的儿童和青少年所面临的挑战：(1) 低血糖； (2) 生活自理活动； (3) 感觉不同和/或孤独。结论 数据表明 1 型糖尿病对该年龄组来说具有挑战性。必须解决这些挑战，以帮助青少年学习管理疾病并促进健康结果。与临床实践的相关性 对于护士来说，讨论挑战、了解该年龄段的观点、倾听他们的担忧、与他们合作制定促进健康的策略、最大限度地减少并发症、减少或消除不同或孤独感并协助父母努力提供支持非常重要。
Aims and objectives To identify challenges children and youth with type 1 diabetes encounter from their own perspectives. Background Type 1 diabetes requires lifestyle changes involving diet modification, monitoring blood glucose, counting carbohydrates and administering insulin. Learning self-care and developing positive attitudes can improve glucose management and promote long-term benefits. Therefore, understanding challenges of youth living with type 1 diabetes from their own perspective is an important first step in improving diabetes outcomes for this age group. Design Qualitative descriptive design using focus groups to identify the experiences and challenges of children and youth living with type 1 diabetes. Methods Six focus groups were held over a four-month period in 2010; each participant attended one focus group. A total of 16 children and youth with type 1 diabetes participated. The focus group discussions were audio recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed for common themes according to qualitative methodology. To assure trustworthiness, investigators independently coded interviews and themes were refined and adjusted until consensus was reached. Results Three themes emerged after analysing transcripts from the focus groups that embody challenges children and youth with type 1 diabetes faced: (1) low blood glucose; (2) self-care activities; and (3) feeling different and/or alone. Conclusions Data indicated type 1 diabetes is challenging for this age group. These challenges must be addressed to assist youth in learning to manage their disease and promote healthy outcomes. Relevance to clinical practice It is important for nurses to discuss challenges, understand perspectives of this age group, listen to their concerns, work with them to develop strategies promoting health, minimise complications, reduce or eliminate feeling different or alone and assist parents' efforts to be supportive.