Mating Behavioral Function of Preoptic Galanin Neurons Is Shared between Fish with Alternative Male Reproductive Tactics and Tetrapods
Mating Behavioral Function of Preoptic Galanin Neurons Is Shared between Fish with Alternative Male Reproductive Tactics and Tetrapods
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DOI：
10.1523/jneurosci.1276-19.2019
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发表时间：
2020-02-12
影响因子：
5.3
通讯作者：
Bass, Andrew H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tripp, Joel A.;Salas-Allende, Isabella;Bass, Andrew H.
了解神经肽神经元对社会行为变化的贡献仍然至关重要。甘丙素受到越来越多的关注，因为有证据表明，哺乳动物视前区(POA)的甘丙素神经元促进交配和父母照顾。这些机制在脊椎动物中有多普遍基本上仍未被探索，特别是在硬骨鱼中，它们占现存脊椎动物物种的近一半。采用另类繁殖策略的硬骨鱼表现出刻板的社会行为模式，这种模式在性别内的不同个体之间存在很大差异。这包括有两个男性变形的学员。第一类雄性通过声学求偶来吸引雌性进入它们守护的鸟巢，或者戴绿帽子交配，在此期间它们使用偷偷或卫星产卵的策略从抱巢的雄性那里窃取受精，而第二类雄性只戴绿帽子。使用神经活动标记物磷酸-S6，我们发现在交配过程中，I型雄性交配过程中甘丙素神经元激活增加，这不能用它们的求偶声音、父母对卵的照顾或对绿冠鸟的筑巢防御来解释。在交配过程中，无论是变型还是雌性(没有一种表现出父母的照顾)，这种增加都没有观察到。再加上它们在雄性哺乳动物交配中的作用，这些结果表明了POA Galanin神经元出人意料的特定和根深蒂固的、系统发育共享的行为功能。这些结果还指出甘丙素依赖的回路是一个性别内不同表型进化的潜在底物，并为硬骨鱼的POA种群与四足动物的POA和下丘脑前部的比较提供了新的功能洞察。
Understanding the contribution of neuropeptide-containing neurons to variation in social behavior remains critically important. Galanin has gained increased attention because of the demonstration that galanin neurons in the preoptic area (POA) promote mating and parental care in mammals. How widespread these mechanisms are among vertebrates essentially remains unexplored, especially among teleost fishes, which comprise nearly one-half of living vertebrate species. Teleosts with alternative reproductive tactics exhibit stereotyped patterns of social behavior that diverge widely between individuals within a sex. This includes midshipman that have two male morphs. Type I males mate using either acoustic courtship to attract females to enter a nest they guard or cuckoldry during which they steal fertilizations from a nest-holding male using a sneak or satellite spawning tactic, whereas type II males only cuckold. Using the neural activity marker phospho-S6, we show increased galanin neuron activation in courting type I males during mating that is not explained by their courtship vocalizations, parental care of eggs, or nest defense against cuckolders. This increase is not observed during mating in cuckolders of either morph or females (none of which show parental care). Together with their role in mating in male mammals, the results demonstrate an unexpectedly specific and deep-rooted, phylogenetically shared behavioral function for POA galanin neurons. The results also point to galanin-dependent circuitry as a potential substrate for the evolution of divergent phenotypes within one sex and provide new functional insights into how POA populations in teleosts compare to the POA and anterior hypothalamus of tetrapods.