Novel Tools and Investigative Approaches for the Study of Oligodendrocyte Precursor Cells (NG2-Glia) in CNS Development and Disease.
Novel Tools and Investigative Approaches for the Study of Oligodendrocyte Precursor Cells (NG2-Glia) in CNS Development and Disease.
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DOI：
10.3389/fncel.2021.673132
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
5.3
通讯作者：
Lovell-Badge R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Galichet C;Clayton RW;Lovell-Badge R
少突胶质细胞祖细胞（OPCs），也称为NG 2-胶质细胞，是成人中枢神经系统中增殖性最强的细胞类型。虽然OPCs的主要作用是作为少突胶质细胞的祖细胞，但近年来越来越清楚的是，OPCs还具有许多其他功能。事实上，独立于它们作为干细胞的作用，很明显，OPCs可以调节代谢环境，直接与神经元功能相互作用并调节神经元功能，维持血脑屏障（BBB）并调节炎症。在这篇综述文章中，我们讨论了最先进的工具和调查方法被用来表征OPCs的生物学和功能。从功能遗传学研究到单细胞测序，从谱系追踪到功能成像，我们讨论了这些技术所揭示的重要发现，如功能和空间OPC异质性，新的OPC标记基因，OPCs与其他细胞类型的相互作用，以及OPCs如何整合和响应来自邻近细胞的信号。最后，我们回顾了使用体外试验来评估OPC功能。这些方法有望使人们对这种神秘的细胞类型有更深入的了解，这反过来又将揭示许多疾病的发病机制和潜在的治疗策略，如多发性硬化症（MS）和神经胶质瘤。
Oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs), also referred to as NG2-glia, are the most proliferative cell type in the adult central nervous system. While the primary role of OPCs is to serve as progenitors for oligodendrocytes, in recent years, it has become increasingly clear that OPCs fulfil a number of other functions. Indeed, independent of their role as stem cells, it is evident that OPCs can regulate the metabolic environment, directly interact with and modulate neuronal function, maintain the blood brain barrier (BBB) and regulate inflammation. In this review article, we discuss the state-of-the-art tools and investigative approaches being used to characterize the biology and function of OPCs. From functional genetic investigation to single cell sequencing and from lineage tracing to functional imaging, we discuss the important discoveries uncovered by these techniques, such as functional and spatial OPC heterogeneity, novel OPC marker genes, the interaction of OPCs with other cells types, and how OPCs integrate and respond to signals from neighboring cells. Finally, we review the use of in vitro assay to assess OPC functions. These methodologies promise to lead to ever greater understanding of this enigmatic cell type, which in turn will shed light on the pathogenesis and potential treatment strategies for a number of diseases, such as multiple sclerosis (MS) and gliomas.
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从多能干细胞生成人类神经元和少突胶质细胞，用于模拟神经元-少突胶质细胞相互作用。
DOI：
10.3791/61778
发表时间：
2020-11-09
期刊：
Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE
影响因子：
--
作者：
Assetta B;Tang C;Bian J;O'Rourke R;Connolly K;Brickler T;Chetty S;Huang YA
通讯作者：
Huang YA
影响因子：
64.8
作者：
Bergles, DE;Roberts, JDB;Jahr, CE
通讯作者：
Jahr, CE
影响因子：
8.8
作者：
Chen, Ting-Jiun;Kula, Bartosz;Kukley, Maria
通讯作者：
Kukley, Maria
影响因子：
6.2
作者：
Balia, Maddalena;Benamer, Najate;Angulo, Maria Cecilia
通讯作者：
Angulo, Maria Cecilia
影响因子：
64.8
作者：
Birey F;Andersen J;Makinson CD;Islam S;Wei W;Huber N;Fan HC;Metzler KRC;Panagiotakos G;Thom N;O'Rourke NA;Steinmetz LM;Bernstein JA;Hallmayer J;Huguenard JR;Paşca SP
通讯作者：
Paşca SP