Prevalence of micronutrient deficiency in popular diet plans
Prevalence of micronutrient deficiency in popular diet plans
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DOI：
10.1186/1550-2783-7-24
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发表时间：
2010-06-10
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
Calton, Jayson B.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Calton, Jayson B.
背景资料：研究表明，微量营养素缺乏与超重/肥胖和其他危险和使人衰弱的疾病的较高风险有科学联系。超过三分之二的美国人。S.人口超重或肥胖，研究表明，三分之一的人在任何给定的时间都在节食，需要确定目前流行的饮食计划是否可以通过提供27种微量营养素的最低水平来保护追随者免受微量营养素缺乏症的影响。S.方法：对来自四种流行饮食计划（阿特金斯生活饮食、南海滩饮食、DASH饮食、DASH饮食）的建议每日菜单进行评价。每餐中每种成分的热量和微量营养素含量是通过使用来自美国的食物成分数据来确定的。S.农业部标准参考营养数据库。结果进行了评估的充分性和总热量和缺乏微量营养素被确定。根据RDI指南，对27种微量营养素中的每一种都不满足100%充足率的饮食计划进行重新分析;（1）确定所有27种微量营养素的足够热量摄入的微量营养素;（2）确定第二种微量营养素的足够热量摄入，当从充足率要求中删除持续低或不存在的微量营养素时。分析确定，四种流行的饮食计划中的每一种都未能为所分析的所有27种微量营养素提供最低RDI充足性。在分析的27种微量营养素中，四种饮食计划的RDI平均为（11.75 +/- 2.02;平均值+/- SEM），含有（1748.25 +/- 209.57）千卡。对这四种饮食的进一步分析发现，平均卡路里摄入量（27，575 +/- 4660.72）需要达到所有27种微量营养素的充足。六种微量营养素（维生素B7、维生素D、维生素E、铬、碘和钼）在所有四种饮食计划中均被确定为持续偏低或不存在。这六种微量营养素从充足性要求中删除，并对四种饮食进行了额外的分析。经测定，平均卡路里含量为（3，475 +/- 543.81）将需要达到其余21种微量营养素的100%充足。结论：这些发现是重要的，并表明一个人按照流行的饮食计划，建议，只有食物，有很大的可能性成为微量营养素缺乏症;一种状态被证明与许多危险和使人衰弱的健康状况和疾病的风险增加有科学联系。
Background: Research has shown micronutrient deficiency to be scientifically linked to a higher risk of overweight/obesity and other dangerous and debilitating diseases. With more than two-thirds of the U. S. population overweight or obese, and research showing that one-third are on a diet at any given time, a need existed to determine whether current popular diet plans could protect followers from micronutrient deficiency by providing the minimum levels of 27 micronutrients, as determined by the U. S. Food and Drug Administrations (FDA) Reference Daily Intake (RDI) guidelines.Methods: Suggested daily menus from four popular diet plans (Atkins for Life diet, The South Beach Diet, the DASH diet, the DASH diet) were evaluated. Calorie and micronutrient content of each ingredient, in each meal, were determined by using food composition data from the U. S. Department of Agriculture Nutrient Database for Standard Reference. The results were evaluated for sufficiency and total calories and deficient micronutrients were identified. The diet plans that did not meet 100% sufficiency by RDI guidelines for each of the 27 micronutrients were re-analyzed; (1) to identify a micronutrient sufficient calorie intake for all 27 micronutrients, and (2) to identify a second micronutrient sufficient calorie intake when consistently low or nonexistent micronutrients were removed from the sufficiency requirement.Results: Analysis determined that each of the four popular diet plans failed to provide minimum RDI sufficiency for all 27 micronutrients analyzed. The four diet plans, on average, were found to be RDI sufficient in (11.75 +/- 2.02; mean +/- SEM) of the analyzed 27 micronutrients and contain (1748.25 +/- 209.57) kcal. Further analysis of the four diets found that an average calorie intake of (27,575 +/- 4660.72) would be required to achieve sufficiency in all 27 micronutrients. Six micronutrients (vitamin B7, vitamin D, vitamin E, chromium, iodine and molybdenum) were identified as consistently low or nonexistent in all four diet plans. These six micronutrients were removed from the sufficiency requirement and additional analysis of the four diets was conducted. It was determined that an average calorie content of (3,475 +/- 543.81) would be required to reach 100% sufficiency in the remaining 21 micronutrients.Conclusion: These findings are significant and indicate that an individual following a popular diet plan as suggested, with food alone, has a high likelihood of becoming micronutrient deficient; a state shown to be scientifically linked to an increased risk for many dangerous and debilitating health conditions and diseases.