Chemical Recycling off Carbon Dioxide to Methanol and Dimethyl Ether: From Greenhouse Gas to Renewable, Environmentally Carbon Neutral Fuels and Synthetic Hydrocarbons
Chemical Recycling off Carbon Dioxide to Methanol and Dimethyl Ether: From Greenhouse Gas to Renewable, Environmentally Carbon Neutral Fuels and Synthetic Hydrocarbons
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DOI：
10.1021/jo801260f
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发表时间：
2009-01-16
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Prakash, G. K. Surya
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Olah, George A.;Goeppert, Alain;Prakash, G. K. Surya
自然界的光合作用利用太阳的能量和植物中的叶绿素作为催化剂，将二氧化碳和水循环到新的植物生命中。只有给予足够的地质时间，新的化石燃料才能自然形成。相比之下，从自然和工业来源以及各种人类活动中对二氧化碳进行化学回收，甚至将空气本身发泡为甲醇或二甲醚（DME）及其各种产品，都可以通过其捕获和随后的还原性氢化转化来实现。本展望回顾了这一新方法和我们过去15年来在该领域的研究。碳回收是我们提议的甲醇经济的一个重要方面。任何可用的能源（如太阳能、风能、地热能和原子能等替代能源）都可用于生产所需的氢气和二氧化碳的化学转化。我们开发的将二氧化碳高效还原转化为甲醇和/或二甲醚的改进新方法包括用甲烷进行双重整和催化或电化学转化的方法。液态甲醇比高挥发性和潜在爆炸性的氢气更适合用于能源储存和运输。与衍生的二甲醚一起，它们是内燃机（ICE）和燃料电池的优良运输燃料，也是合成碳氢化合物及其各种产品的方便起始材料。因此，二氧化碳可以通过化学方式从导致全球变暖的有害温室气体转化为未来有价值的、可再生的、取之不尽的碳源，从而使碳燃料和衍生碳氢化合物产品的使用对环境无害。
Nature's photosynthesis uses the sun's energy with chlorophyll in plants as a catalyst to recycle carbon dioxide and water into new plant life. Only given Sufficient geological time can new fossil fuels be formed naturally. In contrast, chemical recycling of carbon dioxide from natural and industrial Sources as well as varied human activities or even froth the air itself to methanol or dimethyl ether (DME) and their varied products can be achieved via its capture and subsequent reductive hydrogenative conversion. The present Perspective reviews this new approach and our research in the field over the last 15 years. Carbon recycling represents a significant aspect of our proposed Methanol Economy. Any available energy source (alternative energies such as solar, wind, geothermal, and atomic energy) can be used for the production of needed hydrogen and chemical conversion of CO2. Improved new methods for the efficient reductive conversion of CO2 to methanol and/or DME that we have developed include bireforming with methane and ways of catalytic or electrochemical conversions. Liquid methanol is preferable to highly volatile and potentially explosive hydrogen for energy storage and transportation. Together with the derived DME, they are excellent transportation fuels for internal combustion engines (ICE) and fuel cells as well as convenient starting materials for synthetic hydrocarbons and their varied products. Carbon dioxide thus can be chemically transformed from a detrimental greenhouse gas causing global warming into a valuable, renewable and inexhaustible carbon source of the future allowing environmentally neutral use of carbon fuels and derived hydrocarbon products.