Winter home-range characteristics of American marten (Martes americana) in northern Wisconsin
Winter home-range characteristics of American marten (Martes americana) in northern Wisconsin
复制标题
DOI：
10.1674/0003-0031(2007)158
复制
发表时间：
2007-10-01
影响因子：
0.6
通讯作者：
Gilbert, Jonathan H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dumyahn, Joseph B.;Zollner, Patrick A.;Gilbert, Jonathan H.
我们估计了2001-2004年冬季威斯康辛州北部美洲貂（Martes americana）的栖息地大小，并比较了栖息地（95%固定核）、核心区（50%固定核）和研究区的覆盖类型选择类别（高度使用、中性和避免）的比例。冬季平均家庭活动范围为3.29 km(2)，其中雄性（n = 8，平均= 4.25 km(2)）显著大于雌性（n = 5，平均= 2.32 km(2)）。生境覆盖类型选择的组成与研究区存在显著差异（X-2 = 6.9145, df = 2, P - > 0.0315），生境利用程度较高，回避程度较低。与其他地区的研究结果一致，72%的美国貂类家庭范围包含高度使用的覆盖类型，18%的家庭范围包含避免使用的类型，其余的平均家庭范围由中性覆盖类型组成。这表明威斯康辛美洲貂在家园尺度上选择栖息地是基于高度利用和避免的覆盖类型的出现。核心区的选择类别的比例与研究区或家庭范围的选择类别没有显着差异。核心区明显小于家园范围，这一观察结果与核心区尺度上覆盖物类型选择的缺乏相结合，表明美洲貂根据微站点特征（如休息站点）而不是大尺度覆盖物类型选择核心区。本文提出的研究结果可以通过确定潜在的适宜栖息地来帮助野生动物管理者进行管理活动。
We estimated home-range size for American marten (Martes americana) in northern Wisconsin during the winter months of 2001-2004, and compared the proportion of cover-type selection categories (highly used, neutral and avoided) among home-ranges (95% fixed-kernel), core areas (50% fixed-kernel) and the study area. Average winter home-range size was 3.29 km(2) with home-ranges of males (n = 8, mean = 4.25 km(2)) significantly larger than females (n = 5, mean = 2.32 km(2)). Composition of cover-type selection categories in home-ranges differed significantly from what was available in the study area (X-2 = 6.9145, df = 2, P > 0.0315) with more highly used habitat and less avoided habitat than expected. Consistent with research in other regions, 72% of an American marten home-range contained highly used cover-types and 18% of a home-range contained avoided types with the remainder of the average home-range composed of neutral cover-types. This suggests that Wisconsin American martens select habitat at the home-range scale based on the occurrence of highly used and avoided cover types. Proportions of selection categories in core areas did not differ significantly from what was available in the study area or in home-ranges. Core areas were significantly smaller than home-ranges and this observation combined with the lack of cover-type selection at the core area scale suggests that American martens select core areas based upon micro-site features (e.g., rest sites) rather than broad-scale cover types. The findings presented here may assist wildlife managers in management activities by identifying potentially suitable habitat.