Trends in Elevated Blood Pressure Among US Children and Adolescents: 1999-2012.
Trends in Elevated Blood Pressure Among US Children and Adolescents: 1999-2012.
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DOI：
10.1093/ajh/hpv091
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发表时间：
2016-02
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
B. Xi;Zhang Tao;Mei-xian Zhang;Fangchao Liu;X. Zong;Min Zhao;Youfa Wang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
B. Xi;Zhang Tao;Mei-xian Zhang;Fangchao Liu;X. Zong;Min Zhao;Youfa Wang
背景技术据报道，从1988-1994年到1999-2008年，美国儿童和青少年的高血压(BP)患病率显着增加。我们的目的是研究美国儿童和青少年血压水平和血压升高患病率的最新趋势以及相关影响因素。方法将1999-2012年全国健康与营养调查（NHANES）数据合并为3个时间段（1999-2002年、2003-2008年、2009-2012年）进行分析。目前的分析共纳入了 14,270 名 8 至 17 岁的美国儿童和青少年。美国第四次报告推荐的性别、年龄和身高血压标准用于定义高血压和升高血压（包括前HBP和HBP）。结果 1999-2002 年至 2009-2012 年平均收缩压（SBP）和舒张压（DBP）分别下降了 0.7 和 4.2mm Hg。 2009-2012年，儿童和青少年BP和HBP升高的患病率分别为9.6%和1.6%，绝对值较1999-2002年相比2009-2012年分别下降了2.8%和1.3%。此外，1999-2002年和2009-2012年期间，每日总能量、碳水化合物、总饱和脂肪酸和咖啡因摄入量均下降（均P < 0.05），而每日总多不饱和脂肪酸和膳食纤维摄入量则增加（P < 0.05）。结论 在过去十年中，美国儿童和青少年的平均血压水平以及血压升高和高血压的患病率有所下降。此外，饮食因素可能也会发生相关的变化。
BACKGROUND The prevalence of elevated blood pressure (BP) has been reported to increase significantly among the US children and adolescents from 1988-1994 to 1999-2008. We aimed to examine the recent trends in BP levels and prevalence of elevated BP, as well as related influencing factors among US children and adolescents. METHODS Data of National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999-2012 were combined into 3 time periods (1999-2002, 2003-2008, and 2009-2012) for the analysis. A total of 14,270 US children and adolescents aged 8-17 years were included in the current analysis. The sex-, age-, and height-BP standards recommended by the US Fourth Report were used to define high BP and elevated BP (including pre-HBP and HBP). RESULTS Mean systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) decreased by 0.7 and 4.2mm Hg from 1999-2002 to 2009-2012, respectively. In 2009-2012, the prevalence of elevated BP and HBP in children and adolescents were 9.6% and 1.6%, with the absolute reduction of 2.8% and 1.3% from 1999-2002 to 2009-2012, respectively. In addition, daily intakes of total energy, carbohydrate, total saturated fatty acids, and caffeine decreased during the period between 1999-2002 and 2009-2012 (all P < 0.05), whereas daily intake of total polyunsaturated fatty acids and dietary fiber increased (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Mean BP levels as well as the prevalence of elevated BP and HBP among US children and adolescents have declined during the past decade. In addition, there might be an associated change in dietary factors.