Nutritional transition in schoolchildren from Tucuman, Argentina: A cross-sectional analysis of nutritional status and body composition
Nutritional transition in schoolchildren from Tucuman, Argentina: A cross-sectional analysis of nutritional status and body composition
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DOI：
10.1002/ajhb.23257
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发表时间：
2019-07-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Cesani, Maria F.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cordero, Maria L.;Cesani, Maria F.
目的描述阿根廷图库曼市学龄儿童的营养状况和身体成分，分析不同性别、居住地区和社会经济地位（SES）儿童的营养状况和身体成分差异。方法对1948名8.0 ~ 11.9岁学龄儿童进行横断面调查。测量体重、身高、三头肌皮褶厚度、腰围和上臂围。使用NHANES III参考来估计营养状况和身体组成。SES采用家庭富裕量表进行调查。根据阿根廷国家统计和人口普查研究所的标准，居住地区分为城市或农村。采用Logistic回归分析，根据性别，居住地区和SES评估营养状况和身体成分。结果超重和肥胖的检出率分别为12.3%和18.2%，而体重不足、发育迟缓和消瘦的检出率分别为2.3%、3%和2.1%。发育迟缓和消瘦的发生率在女孩中较高，而肥胖的发生率在男孩中较高。经济社会地位低的学龄儿童发育迟缓的发生率较高。对身体成分的分析表明，脂肪和肌肉组织发生了变化，特别是在营养不良（体重不足、发育迟缓或消瘦）的儿童和超重（超重或肥胖）的儿童中。结论图库曼的儿童人口正在经历一个加速的营养转变过程，表现为营养不良的双重负担。发育迟缓、消瘦和肥胖的分布以及脂肪和肌肉组织的变化并不均匀，显示出性别、居住地区和社会经济地位的差异。
Objective The aim of this article was to describe the nutritional status and body composition of schoolchildren from Tucuman (Argentina) and analyze variations according to sex, area of residence, and socioeconomic status (SES). Methods A cross-sectional study was performed in 1948 schoolchildren aged 8.0 to 11.9 years. Body weight, height, triceps skinfold, waist, and upper arm circumferences were measured. Nutritional status and body composition were estimated using the NHANES III reference. SES was surveyed with the Family Affluence Scale. Area of residence was classified as urban or rural based on the criteria of the National Institute of Statistics and Censuses of Argentina. Logistic regression analysis was applied to evaluate nutritional status and body composition according to sex, area of residence, and SES. Results The prevalence of overweight and obesity was 12.3% and 18.2%, respectively, as compared with that of underweight (2.3%), stunting (3%), and wasting (2.1%). The prevalence of stunting and wasting was higher in girls, while that of obesity was higher in boys. Low SES schoolchildren registered a higher prevalence of stunting. Analysis of body composition indicated modifications in adipose and muscular tissues, especially in undernourished (underweight, stunting, or wasting) children and children with excess weight (overweight or obesity). Conclusion The child population from Tucuman is undergoing an accelerated process of nutritional transition, manifested by the double burden of malnutrition. The distribution of stunting, wasting, and obesity, and changes in fat and muscular tissues were not homogeneous, revealing differences according to sex, area of residence, and SES.