Exogenous capture accounts for fundamental differences between pro- and antisaccade performance.
Exogenous capture accounts for fundamental differences between pro- and antisaccade performance.
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DOI：
10.7554/elife.76964
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发表时间：
2022-07-27
期刊：
影响因子：
7.7
通讯作者：
Salinas, Emilio
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Goldstein, Allison T.;Stanford, Terrence R.;Salinas, Emilio
为了产生下一个眼球运动，眼神经回路分别考虑了视野中物体的物理显著性和当前行为目标、外源性和内源性影响。然而，外源性和内源性机制之间的相互作用及其对靶选择的动态贡献一直难以解决，因为它们的演变非常迅速。在最近的一项研究中（Salinas等人，2019年），我们实现了必要的时间精度使用一个紧急的反跳任务的变体，其中运动计划启动早，选择的准确性取决于何时准确的视觉提示信息变得可用。经验和建模结果表明，外源性信号到达后80 ms的线索开始，并迅速加速（不正确的）计划向线索，而知情的内源性信号到达后25 ms，有利于（正确的）计划远离线索。在这里，我们仔细研究了一个关键的机制假说，这种动态，即外源性和内源性信号在不同的时间和相互独立的作用。我们通过比较人类参与者的表现来测试定量模型预测，这些参与者被指示在高度紧迫的情况下看向视觉线索或远离它。我们发现，事实上，外生反应在很大程度上不受任务指令的影响;它只是相对于正确的选择翻转了它的符号，这在很大程度上解释了两个任务之间心理测量表现的巨大差异。因此，扫视选择强烈地由显著性和行为目标之间的对齐决定。
To generate the next eye movement, oculomotor circuits take into consideration the physical salience of objects in view and current behavioral goals, exogenous and endogenous influences, respectively. However, the interactions between exogenous and endogenous mechanisms and their dynamic contributions to target selection have been difficult to resolve because they evolve extremely rapidly. In a recent study (Salinas et al., 2019), we achieved the necessary temporal precision using an urgent variant of the antisaccade task wherein motor plans are initiated early and choice accuracy depends sharply on when exactly the visual cue information becomes available. Empirical and modeling results indicated that the exogenous signal arrives ∼80 ms after cue onset and rapidly accelerates the (incorrect) plan toward the cue, whereas the informed endogenous signal arrives ∼25 ms later to favor the (correct) plan away from the cue. Here, we scrutinize a key mechanistic hypothesis about this dynamic, that the exogenous and endogenous signals act at different times and independently of each other. We test quantitative model predictions by comparing the performance of human participants instructed to look toward a visual cue or away from it under high urgency. We find that, indeed, the exogenous response is largely impervious to task instructions; it simply flips its sign relative to the correct choice, and this largely explains the drastic differences in psychometric performance between the two tasks. Thus, saccadic choices are strongly dictated by the alignment between salience and behavioral goals.