The Role of Ames Dwarfism and Calorie Restriction on Gut Microbiota.
The Role of Ames Dwarfism and Calorie Restriction on Gut Microbiota.
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艾姆斯侏儒症和热量限制对肠道微生物群的作用。
DOI：
10.1093/gerona/glz236
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Masternak,MichalM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Wiesenborn,DeniseS;Gálvez,EricJC;Spinel,Lina;Victoria,Berta;Allen,Brittany;Schneider,Augusto;Gesing,Adam;Al-Regaiey,KhalidA;Strowig,Till;Schäfer,Karl-Herbert;Masternak,MichalM
肠道微生物组（GM）代表了不同微生物的大型且非常复杂的生态系统。人们对转基因在不同疾病中的潜在作用有着广泛的兴趣，包括癌症、糖尿病、心血管疾病和衰老。GM在整个生命周期中发生变化，并与各种与年龄有关的疾病密切相关。艾姆斯侏儒（df/df）小鼠的特点是寿命和健康寿命延长，虽然这些小鼠受到保护，免受许多与年龄有关的疾病，但它们的微生物组尚未得到研究。为了确定微生物群在长寿动物模型中的作用，我们通过比较交配前的父母和生命早期三个不同时间点的同窝小鼠，研究了df/df和正常对照（N）小鼠GM的变化。此外，我们研究了6个月的卡路里限制（CR）的影响，这是延长寿命的最有力的干预措施。我们的数据揭示了转基因成分在生命早期发育期间的显着变化，并且我们检测到df/df和N小鼠之间的一些细菌丰度存在差异，这些差异已经在生命早期。总的来说，微生物群的变异性通过基因型、时间点和繁殖对显示出显著差异。此外，根据胃肠道（GI）位置（远端结肠、回肠和盲肠）、基因型和饮食，CR导致微生物组发生显著变化。然而，基因型的总体影响比CR更突出。总之，我们的研究结果表明，肠道菌群在长寿的df/df小鼠的出生后发育过程中起着重要的作用，CR饮食方案可以显着调节GM。
The gut microbiome (GM) represents a large and very complex ecosystem of different microorganisms. There is an extensive interest in the potential role of the GM in different diseases including cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and aging. The GM changes over the lifespan and is strongly associated with various age-related diseases. Ames dwarf (df/df) mice are characterized by an extended life- and healthspan, and although these mice are protected from many age-related diseases, their microbiome has not been studied. To determine the role of microbiota on longevity animal models, we investigated the changes in the GM of df/df and normal control (N) mice, by comparing parents before mating and littermate mice at three distinct time points during early life. Furthermore, we studied the effects of a 6-month calorie restriction (CR), the most powerful intervention extending the lifespan. Our data revealed significant changes of the GM composition during early life development, and we detected differences in the abundance of some bacteria between df/df and N mice, already in early life. Overall, the variability of the microbiota by genotype, time-point, and breeding pair showed significant differences. In addition, CR caused significant changes in microbiome according to gastrointestinal (GI) location (distal colon, ileum, and cecum), genotype, and diet. However, the overall impact of the genotype was more prominent than that of the CR. In conclusion, our findings suggest that the gut microbiota plays an important role during postnatal development in long-living df/df mice and CR dietary regimen can significantly modulate the GM.