Early traumatic stress reactions among Swedish survivors of the m/s Estonia disaster
Early traumatic stress reactions among Swedish survivors of the m/s Estonia disaster
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DOI：
10.1192/bjp.169.6.713
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发表时间：
1996-12-01
影响因子：
10.5
通讯作者：
Lundin, T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Eriksson, NG;Lundin, T
背景这项研究是一个为期三个月的后续研究，以评估创伤性应激的短期影响53瑞典幸存者的爱沙尼亚灾难。采用创伤后症状量表（PTSS-10）、事件影响量表（IES）、一致感量表（SoC-12）和DSM-IV急性应激障碍的分离症状表进行问卷调查。有效率为79.2%（n=42）。参与者在PTSS-10上的平均得分为3.9，IES（“侵入”和“回避”分量表）为28.5，SoC-12为62.8，这表明创伤后应激反应水平升高，但连贯感水平正常。据报道，在灾难中发生的解离症状如下：43%的幸存者情绪麻木，55%的意识降低，67%的现实丧失，33%的人格解体，29%的解离性遗忘。SoC评分低的幸存者PTSS-10和IES评分均显著高于SoC评分高的幸存者。所有分离症状均可预测创伤后反应。这项研究证实了在危及生命的事件中评估分离症状的重要性，作为以后创伤后反应和可能的PTSD的可能预测因子。连贯感量表可能是一种有用的工具，以挑选幸存者的风险。
Background. This study is a three-month follow-up study in order to assess the short-term impact of traumatic stress among 53 Swedish survivors of the Estonia disaster.Method. A questionnaire consisting of general questions about conditions during and after the disaster and self-assessment by Post Traumatic Symptom Scale (PTSS-10) Impact of Event Scale (IES), Sense of Coherence-short version (SoC-12) and the DSM-IV list of dissociative symptoms of Acute Stress Disorder formulated as questions regarding individual reactions was distributed.Results. The response tate was 79.2% (n=42). The participants scored an average of 3.9 on PTSS-10, 28.5 on IES ('intrusion' and 'avoidance' subscales) and 62.8 on SoC-12, which shows elevated levels of post-traumatic stress reactions but a normal level of sense of coherence. The reported occurrence of dissociative symptoms during the disaster was as follows: emotional numbing in 43% of the survivors, reduction of awareness in 55%, derealisation in 67%, depersonalisation in 33%, and dissociative amnesia in 29%. Survivors scoring low in SoC scored significantly higher in both PTSS-10 and IES than those with high scores in SoC. All dissociative symptoms were predictive of post-traumatic reactions.Conclusions. This study substantiates the importance of assessing dissociative symptoms during a life-threatening event as a possible predictor for later post-traumatic reactions and possible PTSD. The Sense of Coherence Scale may be useful as an instrument to sort out survivors at risk.