Physical activity, sedentary behaviour and energy balance in the preschool child: opportunities for early obesity prevention
Physical activity, sedentary behaviour and energy balance in the preschool child: opportunities for early obesity prevention
复制标题
DOI：
10.1017/s0029665108008604
复制
发表时间：
2008-08-01
影响因子：
7
通讯作者：
Reilly, John J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Reilly, John J.
近年来，学龄前儿童肥胖的患病率急剧增加。学龄前（3-6岁）被认为是通过早期“肥胖反弹”的概念来规划能量平衡的关键。经历早期肥胖反弹的儿童后期肥胖的风险增加。最近的证据表明，肥胖反弹的时间和后来的肥胖之间的关联可能并不反映编程，但可能意味着“致胖”的增长轨迹往往是建立在学龄前时期。对学龄前儿童的身体活动和久坐行为进行客观测量的研究表明，身体活动水平通常较低，久坐行为较高。这里提出的证据的审查是支持这一假设，即体力活动是预防肥胖在学龄前阶段，久坐不动的行为，特别是看电视，是致肥胖的。关于体力活动、久坐行为和肥胖之间的剂量反应关系的证据仍不清楚。剂量反应的证据，可以获得相当容易的干预和纵向观察研究，使用加速度计在学龄前儿童。大部分证据基础的普遍性是有限的，有必要对发展中国家学龄前儿童的体育活动和久坐行为对肥胖病因的影响进行研究。
Prevalence of obesity in preschool children has increased dramatically in recent years. The preschool years (age 3-6 years) have been regarded as critical for the programming of energy balance, via the concept of early 'adiposity rebound'. Children who undergo early adiposity rebound are at increased risk of later obesity. Recent evidence suggests that associations between timing of adiposity rebound and later obesity may not reflect programming, but might denote that 'obesogenic' growth trajectories are often established by the preschool period. Studies of objectively-measured physical activity and sedentary behaviour in preschool children show that levels of physical activity are typically low and sedentary behaviour high. The review of evidence presented here is supportive of the hypothesis that physical activity is protective against obesity in the preschool period, and that sedentary behaviour, particularly television viewing, is obesogenic. Definitive evidence on dose-response relationships between physical activity, sedentary behaviour and obesity remain unclear. Dose-response evidence could be obtained fairly readily by intervention and longitudinal observational studies that use accelerometry in preschool children. The generalisability of much of the evidence base is limited and there is a need for research oil the influence of physical activity and sedentary behaviour in the preschool years in the aetiology of obesity in the developing world.