Phenotypic plasticity as a mechanism of cave colonization and adaptation
Phenotypic plasticity as a mechanism of cave colonization and adaptation
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DOI：
10.7554/elife.51830
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发表时间：
2020-04-21
期刊：
影响因子：
7.7
通讯作者：
Jeffery, William
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bilandzija, Helena;Hollifield, Breanna;Jeffery, William
一个被广泛接受的洞穴动物进化模型假定，地表祖先的殖民化，然后经过许多代的适应。然而，某些物种适应洞穴的速度表明，这些机制在较短的时间尺度上运作。为了解决这些机制，我们使用了Astyanax mexicanus，一种具有祖先表面形态（表面鱼，SF）和衍生洞穴形态（洞穴鱼，CF）的硬骨鱼。我们将SF暴露在完全黑暗的条件下，并在基因表达和表型水平上鉴定出许多改变的性状。值得注意的是，大多数这些改变模仿CF表型。我们的研究结果表明，许多洞穴相关性状可以出现在一个单一的世代表型可塑性。在下一代，可塑性可以进一步完善。最初的塑性反应是随机的适应性结果，但可能会决定随后的进化过程。我们的研究表明，表型可塑性有助于洞穴相关性状在A。墨西哥人
A widely accepted model for the evolution of cave animals posits colonization by surface ancestors followed by the acquisition of adaptations over many generations. However, the speed of cave adaptation in some species suggests mechanisms operating over shorter timescales. To address these mechanisms, we used Astyanax mexicanus, a teleost with ancestral surface morphs (surface fish, SF) and derived cave morphs (cavefish, CF). We exposed SF to completely dark conditions and identified numerous altered traits at both the gene expression and phenotypic levels. Remarkably, most of these alterations mimicked CF phenotypes. Our results indicate that many cave-related traits can appear within a single generation by phenotypic plasticity. In the next generation, plasticity can be further refined. The initial plastic responses are random in adaptive outcome but may determine the subsequent course of evolution. Our study suggests that phenotypic plasticity contributes to the rapid evolution of cave-related traits in A. mexicanus.