Norms and beliefs related to cervical cancer screening amongst women aged 25-49 in Botswana: A pilot study.

Norms and beliefs related to cervical cancer screening amongst women aged 25-49 in Botswana: A pilot study.
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博茨瓦纳 25-49 岁女性宫颈癌筛查相关规范和信念:一项试点研究。

DOI:
10.1016/j.ijans.2018.11.001
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发表时间:
2018
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Gabaitiri,Lesego
Gabaitiri,Lesego
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Major,Thenjiwe;Koyabe,Bramell;Ntsayagae,Esther;Monare,Barati;Molwane,Olefile;Gabaitiri,Lesego

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宫颈癌是全球第四大女性癌症(Joshi和Sankaranarayana,2015,世界卫生组织,2015)。根据Bigoni等人(2015)的说法,宫颈癌是一个主要的公共卫生问题,每年新增确诊病例530,232例,死亡275,008例。据估计,2012年约有27万名妇女死于宫颈癌;其中85%以上的死亡发生在包括博茨瓦纳在内的低收入和中等收入国家(McFarland,2009年)。根据McFarland(2009)的说法,宫颈癌是博茨瓦纳妇女中导致死亡和流动性的最常见的癌症。博茨瓦纳卫生部(2009年)指出,宫颈癌事件每年都在继续上升。Ramogola-Masire(2014)援引世界卫生组织(世卫组织)的话说,“如果目前的趋势不发生变化,到2025年,65岁以下妇女患宫颈癌的发病率和死亡率将增加20%以上(第81页)”。因此,像博茨瓦纳这样的发展中国家采取与发达国家一样的行动至关重要。联合国(2018年)将博茨瓦纳列为发展中国家。发展中国家是低收入或中等收入国家。此外,LIM和Ojo(2017)指出,博茨瓦纳所属的撒哈拉以南非洲区域的所有国家都被归类为发展中国家。
1. BackgroundCervical cancer is the fourth leading type of cancer in women worldwide (Joshi and Sankaranarayana, 2015, World Health Organization, 2015). According to Bigoni et al.(2015) cervical cancer is a major public health problem with new diagnosed cases at 530,232, and 275,008 deaths annually. It is estimated that around 270,000 women died from cervical cancer in 2012; more than 85% of these deaths occurring in low-and middle-income countries which includes Botswana (McFarland, 2009). According to McFarland (2009) cervical cancer is the most common cancer leading to mortality and mobility among women in Botswana. Ministry of Health in Botswana (2009) noted that cervical cancer incidents continue to rise each year. World Health Organization (WHO) as cited by Ramogola-Masire (2014)“predicted that morbidity and mortality due to cervical cancer will increase by more than 20 per cent by 2025 in women under the age of 65, if no change occurs in the current trends (p. 81)”. It is therefore crucial for developing countries like Botswana to take action just like the developed countries. The United Nations (2018) places Botswana as a developing country. A developing country is a low or a middle income country. Furthermore, Lim and Ojo (2017) noted that all countries in the sub Saharan African region of which Botswana is part are classified as developing countries.
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