The Theory of the Flying Geese Pattern of Development and Its Interpretations
The Theory of the Flying Geese Pattern of Development and Its Interpretations
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雁行发展格局理论及其解释
DOI：
10.1177/0022343394031001008
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发表时间：
1994
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
P. Korhonen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
P. Korhonen
对20世纪30年代在日本推出的赤松·卡纳姆的雁行发展模式理论进行了解读。这一理论解释了一个不发达国家如何能够相对较快地变得发达。不发达国家从较发达国家吸收适当的劳动密集型产业。它首先为国内市场生产产品，但一旦行业发展足够强劲，就开始出口。起初，产品简单、粗糙、廉价，但逐渐提高了质量水平。这个过程一遍又一遍地重复，导致了国民经济快速发展的进程。在日本战后的产业政策中，某些产业被指定为朝阳产业：这些产业是从更先进的国家进口的，并得到了国家的支持。正在失去相对优势的老工业被指定为“夕阳”工业；国家支持被撤回，它们转移到欠发达的亚洲国家。在20世纪50年代和60年代，出现了一种想法，即日本应该利用这一现象来支持其他亚洲国家的发展。1965年，太平洋自由贸易区(PAFTA)被提出，作为加强亚太地区贸易、发展和经济一体化的核心。亚太自由贸易协定从未实现，但后来在该提议的基础上形成了各种讨论论坛，如太平洋经济合作会议(PECC)和亚太经济合作组织(APEC)会议。
An interpretation is made of Akamatsu Kaname's theory of the flying geese pattern of development, launched in Japan during the 1930s. This theory explains how an undeveloped country can become developed relatively quickly. The undeveloped country adopts suitable labour-intensive industries from more developed countries. It produces first for the home market, but starts to export as soon as the industries have grown strong enough. Initially, products are simple, crude and cheap, but gradually the level of quality is elevated. The procedure is repeated over and over again, leading to a rapid process of national economic development. In Japanese postwar industrial policy, certain industries were designated as `sunrise' industries: these were imported from more advanced countries, and received state support. Older industries which were losing their comparative advantage were designated as `sunset' industries; state support was withdrawn, and they moved to less developed Asian countries. During the 1950s and 1960s there emerged the idea that Japan should use the phenomenon to support the other Asian countries in their development. In 1965 came the proposal for a Pacific Free Trade Area (PAFTA), as a nucleus for enhancing Asian Pacific trade, development, and economic integration. PAFTA never materialized, but various discussion fora, such as the Pacific Economic Cooperation Conferences (PECC) and the Asian Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) conferences, were later formed on the basis of the proposal.