Synthetic Gauge Field with Highly Magnetic Lanthanide Atoms
Synthetic Gauge Field with Highly Magnetic Lanthanide Atoms
复制标题
DOI：
10.1103/physreva.88.011601
复制
发表时间：
2013-03
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Xiaoling Cui;Biao Lian;T. Ho;B. Lev;H. Zhai
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Xiaoling Cui;Biao Lian;T. Ho;B. Lev;H. Zhai
我们提出了一个方案，用于产生一个合成的磁场和自旋轨道耦合通过拉曼耦合在高磁性镧系元素原子，如镝。使用这些原子为实现强关联态和奇异旋量相位提供了几个优势。这些原子的大自旋和窄的光学跃迁允许产生比碱金属大一个数量级的合成磁场，但对于相等的拉曼耦合，加热速率大大降低。这些体系的有效哈密顿量与碱金属体系的有效哈密顿量相差一个附加的耦合项，这导致了在失谐量变化时修饰态的相变。对于高自旋凝聚体，自旋-轨道耦合导致空间周期性结构，其在Majorana表象中由一组在单位球上周期性运动的点来描述。我们将其命名为“马约拉纳旋量螺旋”，类似于在电子系统中观察到的持续自旋1/2螺旋。
We present a scheme for generating a synthetic magnetic field and spin-orbit coupling via Raman coupling in highly magnetic lanthanide atoms such as dysprosium. Employing these atoms offer several advantages for realizing strongly correlated states and exotic spinor phases. The large spin and narrow optical transitions of these atoms allow the generation of synthetic magnetic fields an order of magnitude larger than those in the alkalis, but with considerable reduction of the heating rate for equal Raman coupling. The effective hamiltonian of these systems differs from that of the alkalis' by an additional nematic coupling term, which leads to a phase transition in the dressed states as detuning varies. For \text{high-spin} condensates, spin-orbit coupling leads to a spatially periodic structure, which is described in Majorana representation by a set of points moving periodically on a unit sphere. We name this a "Majorana spinor helix" in analogy to the persistent spin-1/2 helix observed in electronic systems.