Caenorhabditis elegans has scores of hedgehog-related genes:: Sequence and expression analysis
Caenorhabditis elegans has scores of hedgehog-related genes:: Sequence and expression analysis
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DOI：
10.1101/gr.9.10.909
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发表时间：
1999-10-01
期刊：
影响因子：
7
通讯作者：
Bürglin, TR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Aspöck, G;Kagoshima, H;Bürglin, TR
以前，我们已经描述了新的家庭的基因，疣猪（wrt）和土拨鼠（grd），秀丽隐杆线虫。它们通过羧基末端自动加工结构域（称为Hog或Hint）与Hedgehog（Hh）相关。通过对C.优美的其中5个与wrt基因中的Wart结构域相关，3个与grd基因中的Ground结构域的多个拷贝相关。Wart结构域和Ground结构域也存在于不编码Hog结构域的基因中。此外，我们定义了一组新的基因相关的grd基因，称为接地样（grl）。总的来说，C。线虫有50多个属于这些基因家族的基因。系统发育和序列分析表明，wrt，grd和grl基因是相互衍生的。进一步的研究揭示了一个序列基序与Hh蛋白的氨基末端信号结构域的核心相似。我们的数据表明，wrt，grd，grl和hh基因来自一个单一的祖先基因。WRT、GRD和GRL基因也存在于其它线虫中，但迄今为止不存在于任何其它门中。相反，hh目前在C中找不到。线虫或其他线虫。因此，线虫基因可能是其他门中Hh分子的同源物。膜分子Patched先前已被证明是Hh的受体。许多与Patched相关的蛋白质存在于C. elegans，可能是hh相关基因的靶点。我们分析了8个wrt和8个grd基因的表达模式。结果表明，一些密切相关的基因在相同的组织中表达，但总的来说，表达模式是多样的，包括下皮，缝细胞，排泄细胞，鞘和插座细胞，和不同类型的神经元。
Previously, we have described novel families of genes, warthog (wrt) and groundhog (grd), in Caenorhabditis elegans. They are related to Hedgehog (Hh) through the carboxy-terminal autoprocessing domain [called Hog or Hint). A comprehensive survey revealed 10 genes with Hog/Hint modules in C. elegans. Five of these are associated with a Wart domain in wrt genes, and three with multiple copies of the Ground domain in grd genes. Both the Wart domain and the Ground domain occur also in genes encoding no Hog domain. Further, we define a new group of genes related to the grd genes, called ground-like (grl). Overall, C. elegans has more than 50 genes belonging to these gene families. Phylogenetic and sequence analysis shows that the wrt,grd,and grl genes are derived from each other. Further examination reveals a sequence motif with similarity to the core of the amino-terminal-signaling domain of Hh proteins. Our data suggest that the wrt,grd,grl,and hh genes are derived from a single ancestral gene. wrt, grd, and grl genes are also present in other nematodes, but so far not in any other phyla. Conversely, hh is not found presently in C. elegans nor other nematodes. Thus, the nematode genes could be the homologs of Hh molecules in other phyla. The membrane molecule Patched has been shown previously to be a receptor of Hh. Many Patched-related proteins are present ire C. elegans,which may be targets of the hh-related genes. No Hedgehog-interacting protein (Hip) was found. We analyzed the expression patterns of eight wrt and eight grd genes. The results show that some closely related genes are expressed in the same tissues, but, overall, the expression patterns are diverse, comprising hypodermis, seam cells, the excretory cell, sheath and socket cells, and different types of neurons.