Implications of climate variability and changing seasonal hydrology for subarctic riverbank erosion
Implications of climate variability and changing seasonal hydrology for subarctic riverbank erosion
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气候变化和季节性水文变化对亚北极河岸侵蚀的影响
DOI：
10.1007/s10584-020-02748-9
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Verbyla, David L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brown, Dana R.;Brinkman, Todd J.;Bolton, W. Robert;Brown, Caroline L.;Cold, Helen S.;Hollingsworth, Teresa N.;Verbyla, David L.
温暖的气候条件与许多可能影响寒冷地区河岸侵蚀的水文变化有关，但其净效应尚不清楚。我们使用回归和相关分析来研究亚北极河岸侵蚀和季节性水文，气候变化和变异的影响，以及社会影响之间的关系。在1984年至2017年期间，使用Landsat卫星图像绘制了阿拉斯加育空地区流域沿着几条河流的地貌变化（植被土地的损失和增加）。根据这些空间数据估计了年侵蚀率。在大多数研究点，侵蚀速率（km 2/年）与冷季月平均流量呈正相关（r= 0.68- 0.84，p =0.0085-0.061），与春季河冰崩解日期呈负相关（r=-0.74--0.62，p <0.10）。反过来，这些对侵蚀的直接控制又受到气候变率和长期气候变化的影响。我们的结论是，增加冷季排放和较早的刷新，发生在温暖的条件下，在大多数地区加强河岸侵蚀。与气候有关的河流动力学变化可能通过影响基础设施、旅行安全、航道通航、鱼类和野生动物栖息地以及获得生计资源而影响社区。
Warmer climatic conditions have been associated with numerous hydrologic changes that may impact riverbank erosion in cold regions, but the net effect is not well understood. We used regression and correlation analyses to examine the relationships among subarctic riverbank erosion and seasonal hydrology, the impact of climate change and variability, and the societal implications. Geomorphic change (loss and gain of vegetated land) was mapped along several river reaches in the Yukon River Basin, Alaska, throughout 1984 and 2017 using Landsat satellite imagery. Annual erosion rates were estimated from these spatial data. At most study sites, erosion rates (km2/year) were either positively correlated (r= 0.68–0.84,p =0.0085–0.061) with monthly mean discharge within the cold season or inversely correlated (r= − 0.74 – −0.62,p <0.10) with river ice breakup date in the spring. These proximate controls on erosion, in turn, were influenced both by climate variability and long-term climatic change. We conclude that increased cold season discharge and earlier freshet that occurs under warmer conditions enhance riverbank erosion in most areas. Climate-related changes to fluvial dynamics may impact communities through effects on infrastructure, travel safety, channel navigability, fish and wildlife habitat, and access to subsistence resources.
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