Immune system adaptation in elite athletes
Immune system adaptation in elite athletes
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DOI：
10.1097/01.mco.0000247476.02650.18
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发表时间：
2006-11-01
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Gleeson, Michael
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Gleeson, Michael
回顾的目的为了评估运动对免疫功能的影响，在感染susceptibility.Recent findings运动后免疫功能抑郁症是最明显的运动是连续的，长时间的，中到高强度，没有食物摄入。已经证明，导致过度伸展的强化训练会长期抑制免疫功能，在最后一次运动后24小时，在休息时测量的白细胞功能仍然受到抑制。几项研究表明，上呼吸道疾病症状的发生率在长时间剧烈耐力事件后的几天内增加，通常认为这是由于运动引起的免疫功能暂时抑制。最近有人提出，这些症状中至少有一些是由于上呼吸道炎症，而不是感染episodes.Summary虽然优秀运动员在临床上没有免疫缺陷，它是可能的，在几个免疫参数的小变化的综合影响可能会损害抵抗常见的轻微疾病。尽管与长时间高强度训练相关的免疫抑制可能决定了感染的易感性，但因果关系的令人信服的证据仍然难以捉摸。
Purpose of review To evaluate the effects of exercise on immune function in relation to infection susceptibility.Recent findings Postexercise immune function depression is most pronounced when exercise is continuous, prolonged, of moderate to high intensity and performed without food intake. Periods of intensified training that result in overreaching have been shown to chronically depress immune function, with leukocyte functions measured at rest still depressed 24 h after the last exercise bout. Several studies indicate that the incidence of symptoms of upper respiratory tract illness is increased in the days following prolonged strenuous endurance events and it has been generally assumed that this is due to the temporary exercise-induced depression of immune function. More recently it has been proposed that at least some of these symptoms are attributable to inflammation of the upper respiratory tract rather than to infectious episodes.Summary Although elite athletes are not clinically immune deficient, it is possible that the combined effects of small changes in several immune parameters may compromise resistance to common minor illnesses. Although it is possible that immune depression linked with prolonged intensive training may determine susceptibility to infection, convincing evidence of a cause and effect relationship remains elusive.