Applying procedural justice theory to law enforcement's response to persons with mental illness.
Applying procedural justice theory to law enforcement's response to persons with mental illness.
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DOI：
10.1176/ps.2007.58.6.787
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发表时间：
2007-06
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
A. Watson;B. Angell
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Watson;B. Angell
程序正义提供了一个框架，考虑如何与精神疾病的人的经验与警察的互动，以及如何官员的行为可能会形成合作或阻力。程序正义的观点认为，人们在与权威人物（如警察）相遇时所受到的公平对待会影响他们是合作还是抵制权威。程序公正框架的关键组成部分包括：参与（有发言权），这涉及有机会陈述自己对争端的看法，并为决策者所听取;尊严，这包括受到尊重和礼貌的对待，并使自己的权利得到承认;相信当局关心自己的福利。程序正义在遭遇的早期产生了最大的影响，这表明警官最初如何接近某人是极其重要的。患有精神疾病的人可能特别注意警察如何对待他们。根据这一框架，对自己的地位不确定的人（如被污名化群体的成员）将对警察行使权力的公正性作出最强烈的反应。本文回顾了有关警察对精神病患者的反应的文献。程序正义理论，因为它已被应用到心理健康和司法系统的背景下进行检查。它的应用，警察和精神病患者之间的遭遇进行了讨论。还审查了改善警察对精神疾病患者反应的影响和警告以及未来研究。
Procedural justice provides a framework for considering how persons with mental illness experience interactions with the police and how officer behaviors may shape cooperation or resistance. The procedural justice perspective holds that the fairness with which people are treated in an encounter with authority figures (such as the police) influences whether they cooperate or resist authority. Key components of a procedural justice framework include participation (having a voice), which involves having the opportunity to present one's own side of the dispute and be heard by the decision maker; dignity, which includes being treated with respect and politeness and having one's rights acknowledged; and trust that the authority is concerned with one's welfare. Procedural justice has its greatest impact early in the encounter, suggesting that how officers initially approach someone is extremely important. Persons with mental illness may be particularly attentive to how they are treated by police. According to this framework, people who are uncertain about their status (such as members of stigmatized groups) will respond most strongly to the fairness by which police exercise their authority. This article reviews the literature on police response to persons with mental illness. Procedural justice theory as it has been applied to mental health and justice system contexts is examined. Its application to encounters between police and persons with mental illness is discussed. Implications and cautions for efforts to improve police response to persons with mental illness and future research also are examined.